Mr. HOWE. What does that mean? It means this: that although these people are not fit to make laws at home, and cannot eallowed to make them, yet they must be allowed to send representatives here to participate in making laws for the U.S. hat is what it means. Sir, we have heard a good deal about the President’s polic.Ishould not feel called upon to reviewit here but for the fact that it is held u to us as a model plan, because it so sacred y and religiously respects the rights of States. It respects the rights of States, and therefore is constantly hefd up before us as being utterly at variance and at war with the idea which I submitted in January last. Wh, Mr. President, it is upon all fours precisely what that idea was, except that the resident established the provisional governments, while I thought that congress should establish them. The 1st act of the president with reference to these communities was to overthrow every semblance of government within them. The 2nd act was to concentrate every particle of that local authority in the hands of a single man appointed by him in each one of those communities. That is what you call respecting the rights of States, is it? That is the way you would have the rights of States respected! Listen to a clause of that organic law which the President enacted for the government of these communities. Omitting the preamble which recites his reasons for the step he was about to take, he proceeds to say: “Now therefore. in obedienceto the high and solemn uties imposedupon meby the Constitution of the U.S.andfor the purpose of enabling the loyal peopleof said Stateto organize a State government whereby Justice may be established, domes tic tran'qnillit insured and loyal citizensprotected in all their rightsof life.liberty and property. I, Andrew Jolinsop. POTUS and Commander in Chiofof the Army and Nav of the gutted States.do hereby appoint William. Hol on"What for? To be" provisional governor of the State of NCarolina. whoseduty it shall be.at the earliestpracticable period.to prescribesuch rules and regulationsas maybe necessary and proper for convcninga convention. composed of delegates to bechosenby that portion of the people of said Statewho are loyal to the U.S., and no others for the purpose of or amendingthe constitutionthereof?" That was the proclamation sent forth to Mr. Holden in NCarolina. A proclamation like that was sent forth to Mr. Sharke in mississippi, and to some individual in each one of the other States. That single clause which I have read to you, not only ignored the authority of Governor and Legislature and judge and municipal officer in these several States, but it absolutely ignored; set aside, trampled upon theirorganiclawsand theirconstitutions. Some of these States, and most of them, had clauses in their constitutions prescribin the very mode in which their constitutions could be amended. The POTUS ignores them all, disregards them all, and says to a man7“All the authority belongingto that State Iput in your hands from this time forward; go on irrespective of your statutes and your constitutions; call to other your people, prescribe the districts which may elect, prescribe the qualifications of those who may vote, and thus convene a body of men which shall make a new constitution for your State.” It is indeed making an entirel new State. Mr. President, in the history of the executive effort to reconstruct these States many very noticeable facts are found. I have been profoundly interested in looking over the jour naf of these executive efforts to make loyal States out of rebel communities. It was a difficult enterprise, you will sce at once upon the face of the thing. That it should not have run entirely smooth I think would have been an vticipated by anlybody, especially commencing on that plan. want to call your attention to some of these features. Most of these provisional governors entered upon the work as signed to them by issuing proclamations of their own, telling their respective subjects what was expected of them an how to do it. governor Marvin, who was appointed provisional governor of Florida, and who, I believe, was one of the most intelligent of them all, issued a proclamation to his subjects; for you see they were all subjects of his, not constituents of iis. HENDERived no power, no authority, from them whatever. i e represented the President. As these were the people put into his hands to govern and to control for the time being, he issued a proclamation. He prescribed the qualifications which were required to enable a man to vote. He required them to be loyal; that is to say, he required them to take an oath that they would be loyal; and he required that nobody should vote who had been a traitor unless he had been pardoned; but he says: “Where the person oifering to vote comes within poql exceptions contained in the amnestyProclamv That is, where he is a $20,000 man, I presume“nnd shall have taken the amnestyoath and shall have madeapplication to the President for a special pardon through the provisional ovrernorland shall avebeenrecommendedby him or such pardon tho inspectorsor judges of the election may. in most instances” What?" properly presume thatsuchpardon hasbeengranted. Though owing to the want of mail facilities. it may not have been received by the party at the timeof the election." Iu other words, if, on the morning of the election, a man who has not been pardoned shall take the amnesty oath, and get the governor’s recommendation for a pardon to be sent to Washington, the inspector of the elec "tion may presume he has been pardoned, but has not received his pardon for the want of due mail facilities. That is the legal presumption established for such cases in, the proclamation of the provisional governor of the State of Florida. Governor Holden, who took one of these commissions, had some doubts about the right of some of his people to vote. What does he do? He does not look into the law or constitution of NCarolina to settle the question. If my friend, the Senfrom Michigan, [Mr. HOWARD, ] was appealed to by one of his fel low citizens to know whether he had a right to vote, I do not precisely know what he would do. I think he would go to the statutes of Michigan, if he did not recollect the law, and I think he would do anything or everything except just what Governor Holden did. What did he do? He wrote to the SecyState to know whether such a man could vote or not. The SecyState was inquired of as to whether a certain man should vote in the State of NCarolina. This was in execution of that laii which is so very respectful and religiousy regardt'ul of the rights of the States. Here is Governor Holden‘s letter: sure or NORTHE ABOLISA. EXECUTIVEDEPT. RALsiou. NCAROLINA, June 19, 1563. Silt: I shall soonhave to give directionstocounty boards. making provisions for the enrollment of Voters. I respectfully re nest to be instructed whether parol soldierswil be allowed to votefor delctrates to the State convention upon takintr the oath of amnesty or will each soldier have to procure the President's pardon? I am, mostrespectfully.your obedientservant. W. W. HOLDEN. Hon. WiLLuiii H. Sswsnn. SecyState.