Mr. GARFIELD. There are 2 or 3 points which I wish to notice in the argument of the Gentfrom Iowa, [Mr. WiLsou.] I suppose he will agree with me that what we do in reference to this clause about railroad iron should be done so as at least to make the bill distributively just. Now, I would be glad to have him and other gentlemen consider this question. If we put the tariff upon bar iron, as has already been agreed upon, at one and a quarter cent perpound, how can he regard it as just to lput a tariff on railroad iron of only 7 mil5 perpound? There is no distributive justice in such a rate as that. And if he carries the point which he desires to carry, in relation to railroad iron, then we ought to go back and change every other item in the bill in relation to iron. It costs about the some to make a ton of railroad iron that it does to make a ton ofcom mon bar iron. And because we have given some special favor to railroad iron in the internalrevenue bill, we give it less protection in this bill than we do to common bar iron. And the Gentfrom Iowa. [Mr. WILSON] wants us to give it still less protection by reducing it almost to 1/2 of what is now proposed. I am perfectly well aware that we have been compelled to raise the tariff more than we otherwise should have done, because of the opposition of the Gentfrom Iowa and others to a more stringent loan bill, which would have reduced our inflated currency, and brought us more rapidly down to the busts of fixed values in this country. But as that large amount of circulation is still afloat and as values are constantly changing, and liable to change even more rapidly from the uncertainty of foreign affairs, we must now give such protection to our manufactures as we would not otherwise have been compelled to give. 4 I am unwilling in this bill to adopt all the dogmas of anyone of the extreme parties, whether free traders or tariff men. But as a practical question I demand that our own interests in this country shall not be eaten up and destroyed by the interests of foreign manufacturers. I remember perfectly well, and gentlemen here remember, what has been the policy of England for the last 125 years in reference to this country. The manufacturers and Birmingham smiths, more than a century and a quarter ago, petitioned Parliament in the following words: “That the American people may be subjectedto such restrictionsas shall orcversecurethe iron trade to this country." And that is still the purpose and policy of GreatBritain. And those gentlemen who de sire to give GreatBritain the opportunity to accomplish that purpose, will vote with the Gentfrom owa [Mr. WILSON] on the proposition he has now made. X’hy, sir, in 1750 a bill was actually introduced into the British Parliament ordering that every iron mill and slittin mill in Amer ica should be demolished; an it only lacked 2 votes of becoming a law. And although that bill did not carry they did carry a prop position that from that time forward no sht tin mill should ever be erected in America, an that no trip hammer, to be run by water power, should ever be erected in rAmerica; that we m' ht produce the raw material, but that it should be exported to them to be manufactured. And whenever the Americans went to work to supply themselves with what they needed the Birmingham smiths went up to Par liament with a petition that such legislation might be had as would forever secure the iron tra e to the people of GreatBritain. And I wish to say that the same sort of issue is now upon this country. While I amu on the floor, I wish to respond to a question of the distinguished Gentfrom NewYork city, [Mr. Ramona] He wants to know where this cry for protection will end; when the iron interest will be sufficiently protected to stand alone. I will an swer the gentleman. It will be, if that unfortuuafie day ever comes, when American labor is only equal to the pauper labor of GreatBritain in its wages perday. If that happy day shall ever come when the amount of our capital shall be proportionately as great, and the rate of our interest shall be as low as it is in GreatBritain, then he may be able to find what he seeks.