Mr. CONNESS. The danger and the objection to making such a grant as this in a country entirely new is, that nobody knows what that country contains. I submit to the honor able Senfrom Ohio that this is not by any means a remote condition, because you are to begin at the beginning of it. Persons enter upon that land, knowing nothing of what it contains, or what are in its bowels. I am not strenuous about the proposition that I have submitted; but I feel it my duty to explain it to the Senate, so that they may vote understandingly upon it. It is a matter of very little consequence to me whether you grant to AB 20 miles of land in the midst of one of your Territories or not. I have always been of the opinion that the title should go to the mines; and if the purpose here is to convey the title to the mines, all right, let it be done. But I submit that if that is not the purpose, and you are going to grant 20 miles of land for the purpose of working iron, and you intend to reserve to your people the working of the mines of precious metals that may be discovered there, you should reserve to them the reasonable use of the mines and of the working of the mines. The one is not worth anything without the other. My purpose is not to embarrass this company, norto t row a cloud upon their property. But the honorable Senator replies to me twice. thrice, that a committee have examined the bill. So they have. I submit the remarks I have made to that committee, or to the members of it here. I care nothing about whether this amendment is adopted or not. I live in the very midst of a country involving the con. ditions that I discuss, and I have seen them from day today, for years of my life. We have appended the same condition to our pacific railroad grants. We granted to the Pacific railroad all the timber upon the even sections and the land and the timber upon the odd sections; but you will find that we incorporated an amendment, in 1864, in the grant, reserving against the railroad company and former grant of the timber as muc of that timber as was necessary for the operations of the miners upon the even sections where mines may be discovered, because the reservation of the timber is as necessary as the right to work the mine itself. This amendment, therefore, is not applying a new condition, but carrying out apo icy thathas been adopted, and a policy that every man who lives in a mining region understands the necessit of.