Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. President, I am willing to say what little I have to say now or in the morning if it is the pleasure of the enato at this time to adjourn; but I do not ask an adjournment on my account. Whatl propose to say I can submit within a reasonably brief period. I am opposed to the admission of Colorado, and I am opposed to it upon 2 grounds, the 1st of which would, O itself, e sufficient without the other. My opposition to it in the 1st place is the want of e necessary population. The Senate are aware, ever member of the bod must be aware, that in the deliberations of e Convention by which the present Constitution was adopted, the cause of all others which threatened most the defeat of the object which they had in view was the disparity between the States. From do today the patriotic men who constituted tgat body were solicitous to avoid, if possible, the giving to the smaller States a voice in the Senate of the O ending then great U.S. equal to that which the larger States were to receive. The States that were then the largest NewYork, Pennsylvania, and Virginia were notonlythrough theirdelegates in the Convention, but with, l believe, almost the unanimous opinion of the people of those several States opposed to giving the smaller States an equal voice in the Senate of the U.S. It was said that such an equalit was not republican, that it was hostile to all the ideas O republican liberty entertained at that period; and it was not until they became satised that the Constitution would not be adopted without it, that they agreed to give the smaller States an equality of representation in this body, counteracting the admitted mise hief of that inequality by providing for a numerical representation in the other branch of Congress. I think, therefore, Mr. President, it may safely be said that if it had been proposed in that Convention that any State should there after he admitted with a population anything like as small as is the population of Colorado, rating it at the highest number which the frien s of this measure say is to be found there, it would not. have received the vote of a single member of that Convention; it would not have received the vote of the members who rere sented the larger States. They consents to give to the smaller States the equality of representation only because they became satisfied that without it the Union would not be formed which they had so much at heart; and the smaller States had the larger ones practically in their power, looking to the object which the larger States had in view as well as the smaller States. Each of these States, small as well as In e, was at that time perfectly independent; one was a nation of itself, invested with all the attributes of nationality; and there was no means by which the larger States could enforce a union or could persuade the smaller States to ndoptn constitution by which that Union was to be formed and perpetuated, as they hoped the Union which they wished to form would be, except upon the condition that they would listen to the demands, in the particular ofequalRepresentation in the Senate of the U.S. made by the smaller States. At that time there were but 13 States in the Union, or about to come into the Union. The had gone through a common struggle. Eac had brought to tge contest which resulted in our indepenence an equal loyalty and an equal patriotism, and all felt, the large as well as the small, a natural solicitude that there should be no separation in the future. Having ions through as one people the perils of the evolution, they were willing, more than willing, they were anxious, that they should remain as one people. While, therefore, the larger States were of opinion, and for a long time unwillingly advocated it, that there should not be equality of representation in this body, they final y yie tied it because in the past the smaller and the larger States had constituted practically but one nation.