Mr. BANKS. Will gentlemen allow me to call attention to the results of previous unauthorized exhibitions of the worlds industry in London, Paris, and Hamburg? Carefully as we stud the history of this country, and especially of its industry, we know very little of its present power and nothing at all of its future. e did not know in 1851 when we sent to london unknown men, not unknoWn.men.merely in England but unknown men in America, who would electrify as well as instruct the people of the world, who were most interested in the prominent and industrial pursuits. When Mr. IcCormick took his reaperthere it was hardly recognized as a successful implement of agriculture here. It was only when the premium was awarded to it that general attention in this country was called to its great merits and won derful sugcess. When George Steers sent out the yacht America it attracted little attention. The London Times announced, after a careful examination of its model, that it was of a novel and not very promising style of architecture, of which we had no eat reason to be roud; butwhen it entered the contest against the sailing vessels of the whole world, it so far won in that contest as to leave no flag 2nd; and then every American heart bounded with joy, and a new light broke upon the minds of the people of all nations. There were other like honorable examples. There went out an unknown obscure mechanic from the city of NewYork, a native, I believe, of Massachusetts. The English locksmiths had challenged the whole world for 20 years to open that most important as well as most in enious invention of mechanism, the Bramahock. A prize of 200 guinens was offered to whoever could open it, and it had been tried by everybody, an no one had made an impression upon it. Mr. Hobbes, the American mechanic gave it his attention. It was carefully guarded so that there could be no possible a vantage taken is him, and then, to the astonishment of all the English mechanics, after a few hours experiments, he unlocked, locked it again, and repeated the operation, without injur, as often as they pleased. Sir, I nee not refer to the most brilliant success of other American mechanics. Every One will agree with me in stating, so far as the Government was then represented in the Exhibition of 1851, it was not only a failure, but a disgraceful failure, and that it was only the marvelous and unexpected skill and power of our own citizens, our own unknown mechanics, that saved the U.S. from utter disgrace. In 1862 the Exhibition was repeated in London on a grander scale. We were then engaged in a terrible war, and could not afford to expend money on any extraneous object. We allowed, however, 95 American citizens to go there at their own risk and cost to exhibit the industry of the U.S. 83 of those 95 American. exibitors received prizes in almost every branch of the pursuits of industry. The London imes, inspeaking of that Exhi bition, said that after the mechanical Dept the U.S. Dept was the point of general attraction for the people of all nations. There was no representation of the Government there, no full representation of the industry, skill, genius, power, and wealth of our people; only a few unauthorized citizens had gone there at their own expense, and the alone, according to the London Times, consti tnted the 2nd point of attraction to the people of all nations. nd foremost among these, accordin to the representation of all the english journa s, the great middle classes were the most constant and interested in their attendance upon the American Dept. In the Exposition of 1863, at Hamburg, the Government was not represented but some of our enterprising citizens were there among others. a single representative from the State of Vermont went there of his own accord, without the slightest expectation of achieving any distinction for himself. He took with him, to represent one of the great stable interests of this country, 12 sheep. I0not suppose there is a man in this House or that there was at that time a man in the U.S., that would believe for a single moment that the American States were equal in shee culture to those nations where it has been stu ied for 2 or 300 years. In the Exposition at Hamburg, 35 different nations were Represented. The crowned heads ofEuro ehadtheir own finest specimens of the sheep cu ture of Europe and Asta there the Emperor of the French wus represented himself by his own choice specimens of stock and this Vermont sheep raiser, Mr. Cam bell I ought tomention his name who carried out at his own cost 12 sheep, was honored with an examination and received 2 1st prizes, and a 2nd prize for the superiority of his stock. The nwar was not made by friends of this Government, not by men interested in our people, but by strangers; and when it was announced that an American had received 2 1st prizes for the superiority of his stock, and the 2nd prize also, everybody rejected it as fabulous, and when it Was verified by the subsequent publication of the awards they disputed the integrity of the award; but Mr. Cam Jbell, the Ver mont man, challenged a 2nd examination, which was not accepted. I need not go further in the discussion of this matter, to show what we have done in the ast. Let me say a word as to what we may O in the future. Mr. Chairman, of the ten groups into which the imperial commission has classified the industry of the world, the U.S., if it shall be properly represented, will be at least the equal i not the sufferior of other nations in 6 or 7. I need hardly recount them. In works of art, although we have a reputation not yet in the blossom, I am sure we shall stand in some respects the equals of the modern representatives of older nations. The illustrations of the grand features of American scen ery by Church, Bierstadt, and others, and the math es of Powers, Story, and Hosmer, and other sculptors yet unknown, and who will never be known except they shall have tunity to compare their achievements wiotpptohre art products of other countries, cannot fail to attract at least respectful attention. In the great democratic exem litiention of the part of wood engraving, the U.S. not only stands 1st, but it has achieved distinction by new processes wholly unknown to artists of the same profession in other parts of the world. In materials and applications for the liberal arts, we cannot say much, because we do not know much. We have no knowledge of what this continent will produce in the way of the materials and applications of the liberal arts; but We need not be surprised if in this grou, of the nature of which we know nothing at a l, we stand as well as other nations. In the 5th group of minerals, and the raw and wroughtproducts of mining. certainly we may sayt at no art of the world is equal in its mineral wealth to the U.S. The mines of Russia are far less important as sources of national wealth. While the mines of Russia are chiefly on the eastern slo e of the Ural mountains, from 3 to 5,000 miles from StPetersburg, whose rivers run gently to the Arctic sea from the centers of population, costingin transportation the greater art of the value of the products, our exhaust esswealth lies on the lines of population, where our population is moving and our railroads are constructed or bein constructed, so that we may say that our wea th in respect to California is the same to us, or will be, as if it lay at the threshold of the Mint at Philadelphia or the mat ts of NewYork. I need not refer to our capacity in mechan ical invention or other classes of industry in which we shall maintain a respectable if not superior position. But I want to allude briefly to one point of national interest where we will be expected to show our power, and where we shall have an influence n n domestic as well as foreign affairs by a ful exemplitication of what we can do. We have passed through a war of great trials and eat success. The attention of the world has been called to it. There will be nothing which the people of other countries will so desire to see and to comprehend as the may teriel and organization of the American Army. The quartermasters Dept proposes to send a be. gage wagon, manufactured at Philadelphia, that followed McClellan through his Potomac campaign, Rosecrans in Tennessee, and Sherman in his great march from the mount ains to the sea, and then a n to Richmond and the surrender of Lee. wagon with such a historv cannot fail to attract the attention of all people. A pair of worn out shoes, the dress of an American soldier, the shelter tent under which he slept, his bayonet, his musket, his knapsack, his cap, his rations, anything that belonged to him will attract more attention and draw greater crowds of en la and hold the!“ longer and closer than w: c crown Jewel“ Of England. We want to see also the Navy of our country represented, that Navy which ought to be willing to assist us in the slight demand we make upon it. We want the people of Europe to see O what our Navy is composed, our iron clads and monitors, as novel in naval architecture as was the yacht America. We want them to see our 2inch guns and the 1,000 pound projectiles we have fabricated. The naval authorities of our country, I am told, would not. hesitate to challenge the navies of the whole world to discharge their batteries upon one of our unresistin and silent monitors 8 eeping on their waters Iike a turtle, if the will allow that monitor to return the fire of eae by a single shot. We Want the people of the world to see what our mechanics have done and what they may do and we want, too, to impress upon the people of Europe and Asia that if there is a cance to make friends with the Americans it is better to do it than to make us enemies. We want to show them that we prefer peace, that the fruits of eace are our pride, but that if war he made by their rulers they must not count on an unresisting war, but on one that will carry have c and devastation into their country as it has been carried into the country of our enemies. [Applause.] We want, too, that that mostsim le, that mostpure, that most spotless hero of this or any age, admiral Farragut, shall command in the waters of Europe our iron clads and our monitors, and give the people an evidence of the simplicity of the man whose naval exloits are equal to the brilliant achievements o Dugua Trouin of France, of Van Tromp of Hollan, or Nelson of the English navy and that he may not stand alone, we want that our own gallant soldiers shall be represented by their eaders, Grant and Sherman and Sheridan, that we may show the world of what stuff our Army and my are made. In the way of peace and for the purpose of averting war, there is and there can be no net of the American Government so important as this. I can scarcely doubt that the emperor of France desires war with this country. ne who sits upon a bayonet has a sharp seat and cannot rest quiet long. But Napoleon and the other rulers of Europe must satisfy the people of their respective Governments that they have an easy task and a sure end. While he has the power to represent America as he chooses, and rance as he chooses, the people have no me dium of instruction except through his representations. But in this industrial theater of nations, the voice of rulers will not be more gotential than that of the people. The thin and eceptive veil of diplomacy which has been hanging between Governments and the people for centuries, and which is responsible or the injustice of nations, will be lifted, and the people of Europe will understand the people of America. God, in His providence, in this the greatest of all providenees, now gives to the democracy of America an opportunity to speak face to face with the democracy of Europe. The products of industry constitute the language of abor; it is a universal ton us; every man will comprehend it and when they shall have seen for themselvei the results of our war and capacity in peace they will make known to the rulers of the European world that the people of this country are to be preferred as friends rather than as enemies. Thus, in the mere matter of peace and war, in preserving our relations with the Governments of other nations upon a properbasis, and in the means of defending our rights a just representation is the best possible appeal we can make. But it is not in this view alone that such Representation is important. This great industrial congress will constitute an era in our industrial history, as it will in the civilization of the world. Let me recall a few of the leading features of our position and pOWer almost unknown to us, and never contemplated by the people of other countries. Our cereal products double in quantity every ten years. They are now more than the grain cm s of France; and equal to the sin crops of n land, and inten years they wi lbe larger than the crops of both empires. Lamartiue, in his letter justifying the French oceuation of Mexico, states distinctly that the orth American continent is to become the granary of the world, and that France must control a portion of its territory or be subordinate to the Government and people of the U.S. The cotton crop gives employment to 40 million Europeans. It has been cultivated in 8 States, really in but 5 States. The utmost extent of this product has been 5 million bales a year. Ii can be successfully and profitably cultivated in 20 States, certainly in more than half of the States of the Union and instead of being limited to 5 million bales a year as the extent of the most favorable crops, we will within a few years send to the markets of the world 20 million bales of cotton each year. The grape is an indigenous product of this country. In the Meincan border States, on the Pacific coast, in the valle of the Missis sippi, on the Ohio and in other States, there is evidence abun ant, plentiful, and undeni able, that in a few years we shall share at least in the profits of the wine manufacture. We already export wines, with other agricultural products, from the Pacific coast to South America, Australia, the SandwichIslands, do an, and other Asiatic orts. he mineral wealth of this country is fabu lous. No man would be believed for a single moment in the court of nations next year if he stated upon his own responsibility what is the possible, even the probable, development of the mineral wealth of this country. It is only when the Government shall makeits statement that the people of the Old World will credit the relation. Our mineral regions extend over 17 parallels of latitude and nearly an equal number of longitude, embracing 2 million square miles, the whole of which is plethoric and bursting with iron, lead, copper, asphaltum, quicksilver, silver, gold, and many other minerals. Several years since I was impressed with the statement made to me by our minister to Bel ium, Mr. Sanford, who said that Baron Von umboldt had told him that in his judment it was impossible that the mountains of irginia should not yield diamonds; that the configuration and character of the country of Virginia indicated to Humboldt, who knew the physical world as other men know mankind, that the mountains of Virginia would ultimately be found a depository of this the richest and most rare of precious stones and in confirmation of this philosophic suggestion, made by a man who could read the indications of the surface of the earth, as an expert in natural science recognizes a fish by its bones or its scales as if in exemplification and confirmation of this philosophic theory of Humboldt, we see it announced in the southern portion of the cont iuentthat diamonds and other precious stones have alread been discovered. We know comparatively noting of the mineral character, the mineral resources, the mineral wealth of our country; and it is only when we shall stand in the council of scientific men, representing all parts of the world, and thor oughly conversant with all its wondrous devel opments, our own resources fully and justly represented, that we shall be able to estimate the value of that we have by that which we have in our possession but do not yet comprehend and rightly value. I need not speak of the petroleum discov eries in the view or with the spirit of speculation. I have no eyes for specution. never saw in may life a share of stock or scrip of an sort; an I have no ca e for such things. have no doubt that, so ar as petroleum is the subject of speculation, it will be an injury as alls eculation is. But we must look at the deve opments of nature in whatever aspect they present themselves. Here in our own country, in our most populous States, we discover that Providence has given to us a form of wealth necessary to all nations and in all pursuits, and which is found in almost exhaustless quantities. It would seem as if precious oils flowed in the veins of the earthas does its water; that when it is exhausted in one place it appearsiu another, and when exhausted in the 2nd fountain it reappears again in the 1st. So, making any ordinary and reasonable draft upon this most bounteous and most miraculous development of our wealth, we may well say that it is exhaust less. It extends from the Alleghanies to the Pacific coast, and maybe found anywhere with in an area of 2 million square miles, and no man can put his foot down or fix his stake at any point at which he may not enetrate the ear and receive wealth in this orm. Let me look at another point in which we have or ought to have some interest. It is the railway system. The railway is a new element of power. We have 31,000 miles of railroad 4 times as much as England more than any other country. We can build as much as we want, and as soon as we desire. Other nations count the cost; but we have no cost; for to invest in a railway is to give value to that property which we possess in other forms. he construction of our railways has cost us $1, 100,000,000; $800,000,000, as I stated the other day, were expended between 1850 and 1860 and I have no doubt that between 1870 and 1880, $1,000,000,000 more will be invested, so that we shall have a railway to every part of this country, connecting all the points of domestic wealth. whether the coal of Pennsylvania, the lead of Illinois, the copper of Michigan, or the gold and silver of the a cific coast, with the commerce of the world. Here the hammer fell.]