Mr. SUMNER. Mr. President, I sympa thize with the Senfrom Wisconsin in his aspirations: I hope that these great estates will be broken up. Possibly in the bankrupt bill there may be something which will have a tendency in that direction: how much I know not. owever, I accept the Senator's argument in favor of a bankrupt bill. I am sin cerely in favor of such a measure. All Senators about me know that from the 1st moment this bill has been brought forward I have avowed myself without hesitation in its favor. I am, therefore, one of its friends. Being one of its friends I desire its improvement. I wish it to be put on a foundation of justice that can stand. I submit that while it proposes to open the doors of the courthouse to persons yet reeking with rebellion, it is not founded in jus tice, nor is it founded in humanity, and there I come directly in conflict with the able Senfrom Maine. His argument to my mind was not an argument for humanity or for jus tice, but just the reverse. It is because I wish to organize justice and to organize humanity in that whole rebel region that I have brought forward the proposition on which you are to vote. I do not imagine that such an amendment if adopted would be in any permanent act of bankruptcy. I should hope anxiously that the time would come soon when it might be dropped; but that is not the question. We are to deal with the hour as it is, not to deal with the hour as it may be tomorrow or next year. We are to deal with the existing exigency. Now, the Senfrom Maine, as I under stood him, recognized the value of test oaths on certain matters. He does intend perhaps to remove them. Why? Because we are still in that transition period, passing from the bloody agonies of a rebellion to a peace that unhappily is not yet assured. Give us that true and glorious peace, and then gladly will we tear to pieces all these statutes.; test oaths; but until that day comes, so blesse and so much longed for, we cannot give up the oaths. The Senfrom Maine does not propose to give up the oaths. And that brings me to the precise question whether the oath should not be applied to this case. Look at that region: is it not now in a state of insubordination? Is it not full of cruelty and bloodshed? Is there one of those States where there are not 100s of those persons to whom you are bound by every tie of honor and justice daily sacrificed?. And by whom are they sacrificed? By the late rebels, who cannot take your test oath. Is there any such thing as security in those States now? Is there security of person, security of opinion, security of property? Nothing of the kind. But then civilization exists only through security.” if I were to embody in one word what I most desire now for that unhappy part of my country it would be security. Security, of course, for human rights, security for property, security for business, security for travel. We all know that no such security now exists there.