Mr. TRUMBULL. That. would involve many considerations, and they will be settled by the courts when the arise. If he is not responsible, I have faith that the judges of the U.S. courts will so decide. The bill provides that persons who subject others to punishment in consequence of race or color an notin consequence of crime, shall themselves be punished, and that this may be done in the U.S. courts. The various other provisions of this bill make it the duty of the marshals and deputy marshals, the commissioners of the U.S. courts the officers and agents of the Freedmens arena, the district attorneys, and others, to be vigilant in the enforcement of the act. They provide what fees shall be paid and the manner of proceeding. just as efficiently, I believe and not more efliciently, than was provide by the old laws for the apprehension and punishment of a person who aided a slave. to escape; and if thosclaws were constitution al, and they were so held, this law must be constitutional. The last section of the bill provides “thatit shall be lawful for the POTUS, or such person as he may empower for that pn ose, to employ such part of the land or nava forces of the U.S or of the militia, as shall be necessary to prevent the violation, and enforce the due execution, of this act.” It is intended, if this bill becomes a law, to clothethe otheers charged with its execution with all the power necessary to make it effective. This last. clause is a section copied from a statute of 1838 in reference to another subject. That it is competent to confer such authority I have no doubt. The constitution itself says Congress shall have authority “to provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union;” and whenever the civil tribunals, in the ordinary course of proceedings, are unable to enforce the laws it is competent to call to their assistance the Army and Navy and the whole power of the Government, if need With this bill passed into a law and efficiently executed we shall have secured freedom in fact and equality in civil rights to all persons in the U.S. There will be no objection to this bill that it undertakes to confer ju dicial powersupon some other authority than the courts. It may be assailed as drawing to the Federal Government powers that properly belong to “States;” butl apprehend, rightly considered, it is not obnoxious to that objection. laws are equal. where all persons have the same civil rights without regard to color or race. It will have. no operation in the State of Kentucky when her slave code and all her laws discrim inating between persons on account of race or color shall be abolished.