Mr. JULIAN. It is an plementary to the homestead bill, and extend; the provisions of that hill over the 5 States specified in it. The bill further provides that the quantity of land selected by anyone person shall be 80 acres and not 160 acres. as provided in the homestead bill of 186). The necessity of this modification of the homestead law in that region arises from the fact already stated: the increased necessity for homesteads in that section of country caused by the abolition of slavery and the demands o free labor. It is deemed, in view of the number who seek homes there and need them that 80 acres will be an adequate amount ln lieu of 160, as provided in the homestead 1. The bill further provides that the sale of the public lands inal of these 5 States shall Henceforth cease; that the whole of this domain shall be subjected to actual settlement underthe provisionsof the homestead law. Asamatterof course this cuts olfland speculation in the whole of that count. Without some provision of this kind, rebe speculators now hovering over the whole of that region and hunting up the best portions of it, and the holders of agricultural college scrip, who can take about 8 or 9 million acres of that land, and perhaps the whole of the best portion of it, can come down upon it at one awoop and cheat the actual settler, whether black or white, out of his rights, or even the possibility of a home to come in that region, driving the whole of them to some of our western Territories or to starvation itself. According to the facts communicated by the ComrGLO, there are only 200,000 landholders in the whole of that region, in a total population of over 3 millions. In other words, only one man in 15, or one 15th of the whole people of this exclusively agricultural region, are land holders. Thus 2 million 800,000 out of the 3 millions are non-land holders, a phenomenon which certainly ought not to exist, or which. if allowed to exist, should not be extended. If you count every land holder as a head of a family, and the number of each family as 5, there will still be only one million of persons in all that reion who have any possibility of becoming lau holders; and even upon that estimate there will still be more than 2 million landless people, out of 3 million population, in an exclusively agricultural community, and in a region of which only one 10th is cultivated or improved land. That is a very remarkable and a very starth ng condition of affairs in that region of country. It is a condition of things which leads imperatively for some policy which shall dedicate the whole of these 46 million acres remaining unsold to actual occupancy and improvement under the homestead law. I need not dWell upon that further, for the point is too clear to require elucidation. This bill further provides that the benefits of it shall be opened to all persons in the South without discrimination on account of race or color. That is undoubtedly the law already. But we have thought it wise to put in this bill an express stipulation that these benefits shall be open to men of color; and I wish to take this hoccasion to advertise as far as I may the fact that should this bill pass, allmen will have the benefit of its provisions. it is the fact, unfortunately, that the great body of the colored peodo of this country, North and South, are to aya ignorant of the fact that a black man is legally a citizen of the U.S. In consequence of the Dred Scott decision, and the power of latter day, Democracy in debauching the public sentiment of the country, it is not generally understood that black men have any rights in relation to the public domain of the country. We say, by the express provisions of this bill that colored men shall have those rights, an we say so for the enlightenment of white people as well as black. I believe it is now unfine wn to multitudes ofwhite men, even in the northern States that colored men have any rights under the homestead law. We ought to make that fact known to black and white, so that the multitudes of landless people may understand what are their rights of acquiring homesteads. I an ose that the provisions of this bill are now mil} understood, and therefore, before I sit down, I propose to call the previous question on the amendment of the Gentfrom NewYork, [Mr. TABER] I wish to state, however, before doing so, that if his amendment is a desirable one it would be more appropriate as an amendment to the general homestead law than as an amendment to this particular bill. I submit to the gentleman that some proposition proposing a change of the homestead law will accomplish his object more thoroughly than he can do by an amendment to this bill, and I hope, as an amendment to this bill, it will be voted down.