Mr. CRESWELL. Mr. President, when this question was before the Senate on a former occasion I voted against the admission of Colorado as a State, and were it not that I today propose to change my vote I should not trespass on the time of the Senate, at so late a period of the discussion, to make any remarks whatever touching the issue now presented by the motion for reconsideration. The difficulty in av nd and which induced my vote in the negQi ivo on the occasion to which I have just alluded, was not any of ; those which the Senfrom Massachusetts or the Senfrom Vermont has presented, nor was it a ditheulty arising out oft ie aucit y of population or the regularity of the O action. My trouble was with regard to the permanency of the population. I think I can safely say that the practice of the Government heretofore has never been to require any stated population as a condition precedent to the admission of a State, nor has it ever required any special form of proceedings with a View to quali y the people of a Territory for the rights of State sovereignty., With regard to a that I was satisfie, but doubts were entertained by me with regard to the permanency of the poulation then and now occupying the soil of Cole 0. Since the discussion on the occasion to which I have referred With reference to the admission of Colorado I have examined With more care into the state of affairs existing in at Territory, and I shall refer to the statement of facts made by Messrst Cliallee and Evans, so far as it is not contradicted by the statement of the remonstrance or the statements of the honorable Senfrom Massachusetts, in support of the position I propose to take today in now voting for the admission of Colorado. The proposed State of Colorado, according to the acts adduced, contains about 106,000 square miles, of which 40 2000 square miles lie east of the Rocky, mountains, an the residue, some 64,000 square miles, west of the mountains. The region lying to the east of the mountains is near y all valuable by reason of its adapta bility to the pasturage of cattle; that lying to west of the mountains constitutes the great mining region of the State. with rega d to the quantity of land actually in cultivation there seems to be some difference in point oi fact, some gentlemen contending that not more than 250,000 acres are now in cultivation. while others contend that nearer ten times that amount is in cultivation. As to the quantity that is suse eptible of cultivation there is also a difference of opinion. I think it is clear or can be clearly deduced from the statements of fact presents, that all that portion of the Territory lying east of the mountains is valuable by reason either of its adaptation to agricultural or pastoral pursuits. With regard to the mineral resources of the State the testimony seems to be entirely clear. So far as the mining interest is concerned, I gets from the Report of the ComrGLO for 1864, page 81: “That Colorado is a rich mining country, no one uainted with its resourcese anfor amomentdoubt. O gold occurs in veins of copper and iron pyrites, var rig in thickness from sixinches the 40 fect, and a yield from $15to $50operton. lam notfar out 91 the way in sayingthat there is no gold bearingvein in Colorado that Will not paywith propermachinery and economical workin. I sendyou herewitha map of the gold region of colorudo, in which I have colored the ports that are known to ho gold boning by actual development. "In the county of gilpin alone, the smallest of the laid counties, and I think no richer than others, there are now on record over 7,000 gold bearing lodes oatheseunaVerngeoftwent claimsof 100 feet each have beenrecorde. making 140,000 claims in that count alone and every da adds to the number of lodes. ompar utively fcwo these lodeshave asyetbeenfullydevel oped. but enough have been worked to show that under propermanagementa great maiority of them can bomadetopizy." "Bich mines O silver have been discovered this summer and the latent wealth of the Territory has been vastly improved." But it is not in the precious metals alone, Mr. President, that the soil of Colorado is richly endowed. General Pierce, the surveyor general of Colorado, in his report for 1865 and by the way that report O General Pierce has been referred to by gentlemen on the other side of this discussion as being entirely correct and very thorough in its examination says: "To a geologistnothing can be more certain than that at lciist 1/3rd of the plains of Colorado contain coal, and it has beenfound in enough localities to prove that that theory is correct. As get veryfew coal veins have beenopenedand works, and most 01theseare in lands that had been surveyed previous to the discovery of the coal, sothat the amountfound Ind returned by thelurveyors is oomparatively small. In a country where there is not a ski that not contain somcindlcatlensof coal. til cufloisns say what land should be resertedosooa land, and I have colored on thoplnts only such asis provodto contain workable veins that are accessible. So much for the mineral wealth of Colorado, around which a permanent population may be settled. Now, sir, what are the facts with reference to the population alre dy in that territory? It may not be very largedifferent estimates have been presened to the Senate varying from 25,000 (undonegen tleniiin, I believe, stated it to be as low as 15,000) up to 50,000. I shall not make a pointwith regard to the numbers, because, in my mind, the necessity restingii on this Government to fill up that vast eaten? territory stretching from the western portion of Kansas and the othe States lying north of it, the eastern frontier of the States lying on tie Pacific is paramount. I believe that the sooner we fill up but vast territory with States, remove from tearena of an and e rhaps dangerous controversy on the our of congressall that immense section of country, the sooner shall we be in a positipn to hear our present heavy burdens of taxation, and to advance more rapidly in the path of pros crity. p Already in Coloradopthe people, according to the statement of the remonsirance filed here against it admission, and their friends, have expende 30 millionsin one year with aview to permanent improvement for mining purposes. In Gilpin county alone there are 75 or 80 quartz mills, which cost from $25,000 to $100,000 each. Thes ting works of one company cost about 200,000 dollars. The mineral developments in the other counties indicate beyond a doubt equally rich and more extensive mines of both gold and silver. The report of the Superintendent. of the U.S. Mintsliows that Colors/(10, 38 a gold producing territory, is 2nd only to California. This last assertion, I very well remember, the Senfrom Massachusetts in some measure attempted to controvert as to its precise accuracy. I will only say that I cannot take issue with that gentleman, although certainly it appears from the statements adduced by him that the old and silver product of Colorado is sufficient to assert their right to claim that they stand among the 1st States in the Union in regard to their mining prod ucts. They have a population there which seem to be civilized in a measure; they seem to avail themselves of the ordinary pursuits of mankind, and not only that, but they seem willing and able to pay their taxes. When gentlemen speak of their inability to maintain a State government, I beg leave to refer them to the figures compiled in the bureau for the collection of internalrevenue. In Coloradopthere were collected last year $180, 052 01 for the tpurposes of internalrevenue, independent of the receipts for stamps. The tax of 6%. on clothing and other articles of dress amounted to $705 50. The tax of 6%. on furniture and other articles may eof wood amounted to $1, 372 77. The tax on the manufacture of iron castings amounted to $216 61. The tax of one 8th of 1%. on brokers sales of merchan discand other goods amounted to $1, 876 05. The tax of 6%. on bill heads, cards, and circulars, printed law blanks, and other printed forms amounted to $410 20. Licenses paid by bankers amounted to $1, 100; licenses of commercial brokers, $1, 353 36; licenses for stock brokers, $658 33; licenses for builders and contractors, $462 51; licenses for business and trade, or professions, $354 16; li censes of butchers who sell butchers meat at retail, $497 60; licenses for livery stables, $216 01; licenses of peddlers who travel with 2 horses or mules, $2, 246 07; income tax, $38, 079 67; tax on banks and insurance companies, $765 04; licenses of wholesale dealers, $3, 531 83; licenses ofretail dealers, $3, 766 01; licenses of hotels, $2, 206 41; licenses of law yers, $693 33. u This indicates clearly to my mind that the population of Colorado must remain there from the very necessities of their case. We have scriptural authority for saying. that where the treasure is there Will the heart be also; and it seems that these people have not oul invested their means, butinvested theirmeans argcly, in these various pursuits which necessarily fix them in locality, attach them to that soil. $0 for as lawers are concerned, we find atax of $593 33. know the are called a arasitic class of societ, but I tiink that he act that $303 aspaid orlawyers licensesinthatlocality when lawyers pay but ten dollars a year indicates if very considerable fungus growt with regardto the institutions of Colorado which I think indicates permanency. Being a lawyer myself, I may be permitted to make that remark. Laughter. So it is with reference to many other of these pursuits. They are permanent pursuits, and only such as men engage in who intend to remain, perhaps, the balance of their lives in the localities where they sett, This doubt, then, beingremoved from my mind by an inspection of the facts as applicable to Colorado, I am prepared today to vote for her admission. am glad to be able to do so,becquse I voted against her before very reluctantly. One more remark, and then I shall close. It has been intimated as to the motives which act uate gentlemen in voting on our side of the question, that we have been prompted by a desire to increase the force of our own side on certain questions in this body. I hope I may be permitted to so, without intending any rudeness to the Gentfrom Massachusetts, that I think that assertion was avery nnwarrantable one. At the time this question was before the Senate before there were issues about which this whole nation, from one end of it to the other, felt the most profound concern. If I had been actuated then by any such motive, I should, without questioning for a moment the proprict of the admission of these gentlemen from Colorado, have voted, not as did. but rather in favor of the bill then pending. That necessity has been in a measureremoved. Those questions have been settled the Senate has declared itself with regard to them, and they are definitely dispose of. What may come in the future is o yconjec tiire. ethen had the certainty staring us in the face of perhaps a very closely contested contest with the Iresident upon those measures. So far as I am concerned, that consideration does not in any wa affect my vote. I stand prepared, so long as shall remain a Representative of in State upon this floor, to vote always in accorance strictly with my conviction of right and justice, and to repel every imputation that I may be controlled upon any measure by any such motive as the gentleman has attributed.