Mr. WILSON of Massachusetts proceeded to address the Senate. [His remarks will be published in the appendix.] Speech entitled Representation of Rebel States. March 2, 1866. The senatehaving under consideration the following resolution: Resolved by the HoRep. (the Senate concurring.) That in order to close agitation upon a question which seemslikely to disturb the action of the Government, nswcllns to quiet the nncertainty which is agitating the minds of the people of the seulervreecntSiotnat, eswhich have been declared to be in in no Senator or RO resentntive shall be admittedinto either branch of Congressfrom any of said States until Congress shall have declaredsuch State entitled to such representation. Mr. WILSON said: Mr. President: A stranger from the Old World listening todayto honorable Senators might come to believe that 11 “wayward sisters, ” robed in the garments of humility and penitence, are pleading intender accents for readmission into this sisterhood of States, and that their so plicating apeals are sternly and rudely rebelled by the other members of the family. at that stranger, though unacquainted with American affairs, would quickly discern that these “wayward sisters” are not seeking the protection of the laws, for they are already completely subject to the rules and relations of the household; but they are see g for power, for authority to frame rules and regalations for the government of their loyal sisters. He would speedily discover that the nation is divided into two classes; that the one class imperious] demands the immediate and unconditiona admission into these Halls of legislation of the rebellious States, rebel and foremost; that the other class seeks their admission into Congress at an early day loyal end foremost. He would hear, too, the blended voices of unrepentant rebels and rebel sympathizers and apologists ininglingin full chorus not for the restoration of a broken Union, for the unity and indivisibility of the Republic has been assured on bloodytields of victory, but for the restoration to these vacant chairs of the “natural leaders” of the South. Politicians here and elsewhere may deceive themselves they may affect to see what cannot be seen with the clear vision of intelligent patriotism, but the people who have given two and a half million men, the blood of 600,000 heroes, and $8,000,000,000 for the unity of the Republic and the liberties of the people, clearly comprehend the issues. A loya people instinctively see, amid the turmoil and excitement of the present, that this is nota struggle for the readmission of the rebel States into the Union, but a struggle for the admission of rebels into the legislative branches of the Government; not a struggle to put rebels under the laws of the country, but a struggle to enable rebels to frame the laws of the country. A loyal people see that the confederate States reconstructed since the surrender of the T8811. rebel armies are as completely in the hands of rebels now as on the day ] eTT. Davis was incarcerated at Fortress Monroe. Mr. President, we have indeed fallen upon eventful, exciting, and sad times. Unrepentant rebels, rebel sympathizers, and apologists the men whose hands are stained with the blood of more than half a million loyal heroes; who starved the countrys defenders at An dersonville, Salisbury and Belle Isle: plotted in the dark and troubled night of civilWar in the secret lodges of the “ Knights of the Golden Circle" and the “Sons of Liberty" for the overthrow of their struggling country; lighted the fires of riot and arson in the city of NewYork, and planned the assassination of Abraham Liucoln, are leapin with joy and shouting with exultation over the present deplorable aspect of national affuirs. ltebel ressesboast that they have published nothing since the victory at Manassas so gratifying as the Presidents veto to the bill for the lireedmens Bu reau. Rebel leaders bear themselves toward northern men, oliicers of the Army and the tried and true loyal men of the South more insolently than ever. leturned icbel soldiers and kindred spirits are aven, r;in;tih, remselves for the humiliations of defeat by insults. outrages, barbarit ics, and murders of harmless freedmen. Politicians in the loyal States, who rejoiced over the disasters of their country and sor rowed over the victories of its heroes on land and wave, are inspired anew in the work of vitu eration and detraction. William B. Reed, the democratic leaderin Pennsylvania, gives as a sentiment to he drank in flowing bowls by the elite of the Democracy of Philadelphia, "Our illustrious statesman incarcerated at Fortress Monroe.” Vallandigham, who kept watch and ward in the summer of 1864 over the border for the development of incipient treason in the great Northwest, now flies is flaw. Returned rebels, and men of nestionable loyalty, dese crate Washingtons birthday here in the national capital. Presses that one year ago sneered at Abraham Lincoln as an “ignorant. rail splitter, ” and at AndrewJohnson as a “boorish tailor, ” now pour their mnlignity upon the Congress of the U.S., and more than hint at the dispersion of the rep Representatives of the people by the hand oflaw less violence or executive usurpation. All that is disloyal from the Susquehanna to the Rio Grande, and the champions of slavery and caste everywhere, are exultant, defiant, aggressive. The poor freedmen, who a few months ago were leaping and laughing with the joy of new found liberty, invoking the blessings ofHeam upon the Government that had stricken the gallin manacles from their limbs, are now trembing with apprehension, everywhere subect to indignity, insult, outrage, and murder. boring the past 4 months, in Alabama alone, 1400 cases of assault upon freedmen have been brought before the Freedmens Bu 1000s and tens of 1000s of harmless black men, from the Potomac to the Rio Grande, have been wronged and outraged by violence, and 100s upon 100s have been murdered. The offices and the agencies of the Freedmens Bureau of the oliicers of our armies, and the office of Judge Advocate general Holt are filled with the records of outrage and murder. The local authorities screen the murderers; the people protest against the punishment of white men for the murder of black men, and the murderers go unpunished., Mr. President, in 100s of 1,000s of the homes of the loyal people, who in the autumn of 1864 offered up their daily prayers on bended knees for the triumph of their struggling country, and for the electionof Abraham Lincoln and AndrewJohnson, these are manly hearts throbbing heavily with anxieties and gloomy fore bodings. Noble men, and noble women too, have prayed and hoped and toiled through many a year for the triumph of liberty, justice, and humanity in America. They hoped when the slaveholders rebellion was crushed, when the ll their motives and characters? It is answered cause their hearts love and their judgments I approve was supported by 23 out of the 25 loyal States, that the Administration they had intrusted with power would give the comm 3 yearsto patriotismandliberty, justice an humanity. l ey indulged the hope that the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the Government would crowd these cars with deeds that should consolidate free institutions, (guard and hedge about popular rights, exten the rule of justice, and quicken the charities and humanities of the people. Their hearts are now throbbing heavily with a great sorrow, for they seethat insteadof spending the coming 3 years in strengthening the patriotism, securing the liberties, and extending the mild sway of equal justice to men of every race, these precious years are to be wasted, squan dered in Wicked wrangles, and in the use of the corrupt and corrupting patronage of the government to debauch the public morals and to degrade the nation in the face of earth and of heaven. Surely the spectacle is enough to make the patriotic people, who, in November, 1864, consecrated their treasure, life, and blood to the maintenance of the unity of the country and the preservation of the nienaced life of the nation, hang their heads in mortification, shame, disappointment, and sadness. The loyal people who stood by their country amid the storms of civilWar with unwavering constancy will hold their public servants in all positions, in congress, in the Cabinet, in the executive chair, to a stern res nsibility. Sir, why is it that the heart of a loyal people th robs heavily with disa pointment and sorrow? What, in Gods name, have the loyal people of America done that they should be so disappointed, so punished, so humiliated? What has the HoRep done that it should be threatene with violence by revolutionary utterances? What has the Senate of the U.S. done that a Senator should rise here this day and emphatically proclaim that, “By the Eternal he would advise the President to say to men elected to the Senate in the southern States, Come here, unite with the Democrats and conservative Republicans, call your selves the Senate of the U.S and I will recognize you as the Senate of the U.S.?" Sir whathave wedonethatweshould be forced to listen to these revolutionary and treasonable utterances? hesetimes remind me of those dark da s 4 years ago, when our ears were pained with revolutionary and treasonable avowals; when in the secret councils of the Knights of the Golden Circle plans of treason were matured; when the Legislature of Illinois attempted toimpairth e power of a faithful Executive who was arinng and sending her allant sonsto fight the battles of the endanger country. Sir, in those dark hours, when there were mntterings and threats of insurrection in the North, the heroic sons of the Northwest, from battle fields they had made immortal by their constancy and valor, sent home messages of rebuke to the men who were organizin incip ient treason and those guilty men quaiTedand cowered before the patriotism of the nations defenders. The Senfrom Kentucky, Mr. Davrs, ] as is his wont, indulges in prop etie utterances re ardin the temper and action of the people. e wi i find, others will find, that the patriotic, liberty loving men of the free and loya States, who urnished the tactic to put down this rebellion, who filled the ran s of the armies, who furnished the talent that guided the civil and military councils of the country during the rebellion, will see to it that the men who utter these words, who make these threats, shall never control the destinies of the regenerated nation. Why all this vituperatibn of the Senate and HoRep? Why these fierce attacks upon ong tried and long trusted public servants whose devotion to country and to liberty shonldlshicld them from imputations upon that Congress differs from the policy of the President. Surely the members of Congress have a right, a constitutional right, a moral right, to differ with the President upon some matters of public policy, and the POTUS has a right to differ from the policy enunciated by Congress, but it is the part of patriotism or the President and for Congress to endeavor by thought, word, and deed to harmonize differences. Unwise words may have fallen from the lips of men in congress, from Cabinet officers, and even from the lxecutive, but a ntriotie and liberty loving people will forget the unwise words of Sens&Reps and Cabinet officers and the President, if they perform deeds that will cement the unity of the Republic, hedge about and secure the rights of the laboring poor, and bring enduring peace and prosperity to the country recently swept by the storms of civilWar. On the 1st of May last, ten months ago, the rebel States were prostrate at the feet of the nation, completely conquered and subjugated. They had fought, and fought. bravely, for 4 years against the authority of the country; but they had been defeated, and their people could then have been molded at the nations will. Abraham Lincoln had been assassinated. The people of the rebellious States.saw that the Government of the U.S. had a million men in arms, and they were ready to accept any polie the nation chose to impose upon them, an to accept it freely. The leaders of southern opinion, in May and June of last year, all expected the reorganization of the insur gent States upon the basis of the equality of all men before t ie law. The public sentiment in the South was fast settling own into complete acquiescence in any conditions the Government should demand. Many of the eminent men of the South cheerfully avowed their readiness to accept the enfranchisement of the black man, and gdr. Reagan and Mr. Mallory, members of Jeff. Daviss eabinet, publicly advised the grant in of suffrage to the new made freedmen. @ir. in the North the religious associations, at their anniversary meetings, with voices approaching unanimity, demanded suffrage for the freedmen. The literary journals and the religious press ably and earnestly advocated ehfranchisement. The Republican ress was unanimous for suffrage; the NewYork Herald, always quick to discern the currents of public opinion, proposed a plan of qualified suffrage, embracing colored persons who had served in the Army or Navy who could read, who possessed a small amount of property, or were members of Christian churches; the NewYork News, edited by Ben Wood, a late member of the HoRep, took ground in favor of suffrage in an elaborate article; the NewYork World, that may perhaps be accepted as the leading Democratic organ of the country, declared that suffrage to the black man must come sooner or later; the Boston Post, the leading Democratic journal of NewEngland, was ready to extend suffrage to the colored race; other journals, supporting the Democratic party, manifested their readiness to settle the controversy about the rights of the negro bygivinghix suffrage for his own protection. The holders of the public securities, with the quick instinct of self interest, would extend suffrage for the better security of the public credit, and the people North an South were then ready most cheer fully to acquiesce in the extension of suffrage to colored men in the rebel States. Tens of 1000s of the most progressive and liberal men of the Democratic party 95 of every hundred who in ovember, 1864, thronged to the oils, and consecrated their treasure, blood, and ) lives to the unity of the Republic and the liberties of the people believed with AndrewJohnson that“Ail men should have an equal start and a fair chalice in the race of life and that merit should he rewarded without regard to color" and, in the immortal words of Abraham Lincoln, that“ The ballot of the black manin sometrying tims to come in keep the jewel of liberty in the family of freedom. Thoughtful men, anxious to heal the wounds of civilWar and bury in forgetfulness the memories of old contests, were speaking for univer sal amnesty and universal suffrage; for forgiving and restoring all. The nobler sentiments of the liberty loving men of the country at that time are caught and expressed in the verse of Whittier: Figtmdoualone the guaranty nion, freedom, peace, weclaim; We urgeno conquerors terms of shame. " Alasl no victors pride is ours, Yho bend above our triumphs won Like David oor his rebel son. " Be men, not beggars. Cancelall 13; one brave generous action; trust our betterinstincts and boiusti“ Make all men peers before the law, Take hands tp the negros throat, Give black and white an equal vote, " Keep all your forfeit lives and lands, But give the common laws redress To iabors utter nakedness." If the POTUS had seized that golden moment, that grand opportunity then vouchsafed by Providence to weapon the hand of the new made freeman with the ballot, these sectional controversies would have perished forever, the representatives of the rebellious States would ere this have filled these vacant chairs, and the heavens would be rain in their choicest blessings upon the nation for a deed so wise and so just. but the President, though frankly avowmg himself in favor of qualified suffrage, declined to assume the re sponsibility which the condition of the country imposed upon him, and the great opportunity God gave the nation to destroy caste, to clothe the emancipated race with power to guard their own liberties, rights, and interests without a struggle, passed y perliaps forever. The President began the work of reorganization by the appointment of Governor Hol den in NCarolina, and the appointment of provisional governors for other States soon followed. Man of the most eminent men of the country dou ted the wisdom of the Presidents policy. The President, to allay the doubt and distrust of the people, declared that his policy was an experiment, that final action was reserved to the Government, and that if these States were not properly organized the Executive and Congress could change, or set aside the action of the reconsetronrcrteec: State governments; but the work went on, conventions were held, the old rebeljouriials were revived and began to fire again the southern heart and to delude and deceive a people who had once been so deluded and deceived as to plunge into civilWar. These rebel journals while praising the President, bitterly denounc the leading men of the party of the Adminis tration. resses in the North echoed their utterances and maledictions, and oft baffled politicians began to gather about and to de nounce the Senate and HoRep even before Congress assembled. The history of the world records nothing more wicked than the attacks that have been made upon the Senate and HoRep since they assembled in December last. Sir, when Congress assembled, the demand was made for the immediate admission of Sens&Reps from these reconstructed States, nearly all of whom are unrepentant rebels men who cannot take the oath unless they are as false as were the Sens&Reps who left these Chambers in 1861. Congress, to secure unity of purpose and action between the two Houses, promptly appointed aJtCommee of 15 to inquire into the condition of the States lately in rebellion. That committee, representing 14 States is composedof men ofknown and recognized capacity omegfie and character. the presidentnearly two months ago was called upon to furnish the papers re lating to the reorganization of these insurrectionary States, but hehas thoughtpro er, doubt less for sufficient reasons, to with old those apers. Possibly those papers might satisfy congress that these reconstructed States are prepared to take part in the government of the country. It is understood that the committee are proceeding to take testimony, and it is hoped that the testimony will soon be reported to the country, and that it will satisfy a l fairminded men that. those States will soon be prepared forparticipation in the legislation of Congress. The loyal )eople of the U.S. who have poured out so much blood, and given so much treasure for its preservation, are in favor of fully protecting the people of the rebellious States, white and black, loyal and disloyal, but they have the right to demand, and they should demand, before intrusting the legislation of the country to the framers and administrators of confederate governments, and to the soldiers who have met their sons on bloody battle fields, ample security for the rights of loyal men of every race, and for the money loaiie the country in its hour of need to arm, clothe, fced, equip, and pay the defenders of the Republic. Sir, politicians and presses are flippantly denouncimt the Congress of the U.S., and branding 9/10ths of the men who placed the present Administration in power as radicals. For more than 30 years there has been a class of men in our country who have instinctively clung to every lingering wrong and wailed over every rotten institution as it fell. Have these political Bonrbons yet to learn that for the past 30 years the patriot ism, freedom, justice, humanity, and the progressive development of the republic, have conrepresented by the radicals? Have they forgotten that for 30 years, on every issue before the country, the radicals have been vindicated by events and by the verdict of history? Surely gentlemen who prate of their conservatism cannot have forgotten the glorious facts that the radicals never plotted; never betrayed the cause of freedom; never fired upon the flag of their count; never murdered the countrys defenders. have these conservative gentlemen forgotten what the world will ever remem her, that the radicals never imprisoned women for teaching little children to read Gods holy Word; never lashed on the bare back laboring white men for expressing the Opinion that it would be better for workingmen if slavery did not exist; never murdered editors nor hung ministers of the living God for questioning the divinity of slavery; never seized and stuffed bal lot boxes to overrule the will of a free people; never reddcned the midnight skies with the sacked and burning dwellings of a harmless race; nor never gave halls for free discussion, nor asyluins for orphan children to the flames. Yes, sir, let it everbe remembered that during the past generation the denounced and branded radicals, moving in harmony with the eternal forces of nature and God, have achieved glori ous victories and won enduring triumphs in all the struggles for country, for the rights of man, for justice, for humanity, and for Christian civilization. While timid conservatism has ever retreated from one lost battle for old abuses to another, Radicalism has met every demand of slavery, of injustice, and of treason with a prompt and emphatic “ No, " and moved right on to assured victories victories that history will record and coming generations will remember. In the struggles of the present and the future, wherever there is a wrong to be righted, a grievance to be redressed, or a right to be vindicated, conservative presses and conservative politicians will find that the radicals will go into the contest with the light of past vic tories on their faces. Sir, let conservative gentlemen who are ever boastfully vaunting their conservatism remember that the crimes against country, against liberty, against justice, and against humanity that have marked the past 30 years in America, were committed in the name of conservatism. Let conservative gentlemen remember that conservatives trampled down for years in Congress the sacred right of petition and the freedom of speech; arraigned before the bar of the HoRep the illustrious Adams, and censured the fearless Giddings; manacled colored seamen on the decks of Massachusetts ships, and expelled their counsel, the aged Samuel Hoar, from SCarolina; annexed Texas to make slavery perpetual, and opposed the admission of free California; rejected the prohibition of slavery in NewMexico and Utah, and enacted the fu itive slave law; repealed the prohibition of slaveryin Kansas, enacted slave codes, murdered free State settlers and framed Lecompton constitutions; struck down a senator on the floor of the Senate and fired upon the flag covering bread for the starving garrison of Sumter; organized treason and plunged the nation into civilWar; plotted insurrection in the secret councils of the Knights of the Golden Circle and tired orphan asylums in the city of NewYork; slaughtered the captured arrison of Fort Pillow and sacked and burned efense less Lawrence; starved Union prisoners at An dersoiiville and assassinated the Chief Magis trate of the Republic. Every crime for a generation against liberty and the rights of man in America has been committed by men who vannt their conservatism and denounce the advocates of freedom, justice and humanity as reckless agitators and radicals. Conservatism has come to be a word in the political vocabulary of America synonymous with cowardice, treachery, baseness, and crime. It is a word every man in America should blush to use as a word descriptive of any decentpolitical organization. Mr. President, the House, the Senate. the Cabinet, the President, each and all should not now forgot to remember that they were clothed with authority by a party inspired by patriotism and liberty, a party that proclaims as its living faith the sublime creed of the equal rights of man and the brotherhood of all humanit, embodied in the New Testament and in the eels ration of lndependence. Let Representatives, Senators, Cabinet ministers, and the President, amid the trials and temptations of the present, fully realize that the great Republican party, embracing in its ranks more of moral and intellectual worth than was ever embodied in any political organization in any age or in anyland, was created by no man or set of men, that it was brought into beinghy Almighty God to represent the higher and better sentiments of Christian America, to bearthe flag of patriotism and liberty, of justice and humanity. Brought into being in 1854 to resist the repeal of the prohibition of slavery in Kansas and Nebraska, the further expansion of slavery into the depths of the contincnt, and the longer domination of the slave power. it has for 12 years, in defeat and in victory, ever been true to country, ever faithful to its ling, ever devoted to the rights of struggling humanity. No political party in any country or in any age has foughton a plain so lofty, br achieved so much for country, republican institutions, the cause of freedom, of justice, and of Christian civilization. If it should perish n9iv in the pride of strength and of power, by the hand of suicide, or by the follies or treach eriesof men ithas generously trusted, itwill leave to after times a brilliant record of honor and of glory. The enduring interests of the regen erated nation, the rights of man, and the elevation of an emancipated race alike demand that the great Union Republican party, the out growth and development of advancing civilization in America, shall continue to administer, the Government it preserved, and frame the laws for the nation it saved. Sir, I trust this resolution will pass; that the policy of the Senate and HoRep will be settled.