Mr. CONKLING. The gentleman will find it unnecessary to repeat his questions if he will but attend to what I say. I said that if an amendment to the constitution basing representationu on “ qualified voters” merely should be adoptc, a State might enlarge its apportionment by allowing aliens to vote. It may be answered, that restrictions would prevent all this; and one of the propositions before the committee was to confine the basisto male voters 21 years of age and up ward. This, it will be seen, still leaves open a I her Indians, and any State its aliens. But even with uniform State legislation, such a plan would work in tendency, if not in results, some injustice toward the States in which women outnumber men, and especially toward those States from which young men most go out in quest of more buoyant activities and more boundless fields. It has been supposed that this injustice would be practically serious, and that the newest, the widest, the least improved States, would be great gainers by it. It has been charged that NewEngland would lose very largely should men be made the basis of representation in place of including women and children. It has on said that the real objection to the male suffrage basis bill was the fear of taking away power from fanatical NewEngland. All this has no foundation. I speak from tables, carefully prepared, and showmg results under all the plans proposed with almost absolute accuracy, and with the utmost necessary accuracy. ere the are. The 1st shows population classified; the 2nd shows, with so door for owing inequalities. California may stantial accuracy the results of different modes let her Chinese and halfbreeds vote, Oregon of apportioning Representatives: Census of 1860. 1 Total White Negro Total RipWreseWnt STATES. white and males may cs white and “g a 155;, ” negro. overfl) over 2). negro males 1 cor government osanmt. lend California. Wisconsin. Not including Chinamen. i, 156 “7 NormIn these several plans of appqrtionment the results are arrived at in the modopmuud “present law, namely: the total representative population of all the States is 1st ascertained; is number is divided by 233 the number of Representatives provided by law at t a time of the taking of the last census. this siycs the requisite ratio to a member. The representative population of each State is then divided by the ratio, and the result. reJecting fractions. shows the number of Representatives to each State. The number nuns)portioned. in consequence of the fractions is then edto the 8 additional members provided by the law of 1862, and these are apportioned to the States having the largest fractions. o ratio under the present apportionment is 127,000 The ratio on the basis of oation includ 133, 700 29, 300ing the negroes, is. 1110ratio on the basis The ratio on the basis of equal suffrage, white and black. is. 83. 500 The ratio on the basis of the proposed amendment is. 114. 8(1) Entirely accurate data of the number of voters in the several States cannot be obtained from any recorded statistics. It is not shown by the presidential vote of 1860, for the reason that in some of the Slates where there was little real contest. the vote was far from full. The number of males above the age of 20 years. aliens included, asgiven by the census of], is taken as the nearest approximate to the number of voters. The proportion of aliens will not hold alike in all the States. there being a larger ratio in the northern than in the southern section of the Union; but it is believed the results indicated in the table will be sufficiently accurate for present purposes. From these tables it will be seen that no NewEngland State would lose a single Representative either by making white men over 20 one, or all men over 21, the basis of apportionment. On the contrary, takin white men over 21 as the basis, Massachusetts would gain 2, and Connecticut and Maine one each. NewYork would gain four. The losses Would not be in the East. Upon a basis of male vdters, black and white, Ohio and Illinois would lose one rereseutative each, and Pennsylvania two. California, almost alone of the States heretofore free, would gain. Her extraordinary abundance of male population would double her representation. It is now 3; it would be 6. 1 he argument based on differences between the old States and the new, in respect of age and sex in population, is overcome by the fact that. although these inequalities are large, the ratio of representation is larger; that is to say, that the whole number of Representatives being only 241, it takes so many “persons” or “voters” to make up the icquired constituency for a single one, that the preponderance of men over women, except in alifornia, is too small in any State seriously to affect the result.