Mr. FESSENDEN. Mr. President, the question, I apprehend, is not precisely as has been stated by the honorable Senator. The committee fixed this duty after very considerable deliberation on both clauses, and the Senator, although there is no sort of connection between them, has coupled them all together for the reason, 1 suppose, that by so doing he may couple votes together, so that those interested in one part of his proposition will vote for the other, whether they care anything about it or not. Now, sir, the fact is simply this: grindstones for the section of country all along the Atlantic are brought from Nova Scotia. They are a rough article, and are used by everybody. Every farmer has a grindstone; all the mills have large grindstones; and they make a considerable item of expense. Stone out of which to make them is not found along our Atlantic border; but near Cleveland, in the State of Ohio, near where the Senator lives, there is a grindstone quarry, and I am told it is the only one in the western country. I am informed by a Senator near me that nobody ever saw out there a grindstone that did not come from that quarry; and I suppose nobody ever saw on the Atlantic a grindstone that did. The reason is a very simple one. They do not interfere with each other at all. The grindstones from Nova Scotia cannot interfere with the grindstones in the West, for the simple reason that the cost of transportation is so very great on these heavy articles o none go from the Atlantic to the West and none come from the West to the Atlantic. Then the effect of this proposition is simply to impose a very heavy burden on those who use them on the Atlantic border by imposing a very heavy duty that they must W or else take their grindstones from the est and pay the great expense of the transportation of that large, rough, and heavy article. hey do not interfere with each other a particle; and the effect of this increased duty would be to impose this additional burden upon every man, either in the East or in the est, who uses a grindstone. Well, sir, what are they? They are a rough article; they come in perfectly rough; the block cut out perhaps a little rounded and a hole bored through the middle of it, but the finishing not done at all; and we impose a heavier duty on the finished article in order to have the finishing done in this country. The only effect of putting so heavy a duty on a rough stone of that description, so heavy and in such general use, will be to increase the profits largely of this Cleveland quarry, increase the cost to the consumers in that section of country, and, if possible, force the people on the Atlantic border to purchase them at the great additional expense of transportation by railroad.