Mr. COWAN. That may all be: I have not had an opportunity to examine the bill exactly in all its etails. If it was only to o crate for the relief of the refugees, of course suppose there could be no valid objection to it; but the operation of the original bill and this supplement is much wider and really intends to introduce an important in imperio. It carries wish it not only the power to relieve the refugee, but also a police power which in my State would be execedingly objectionable; and that the mere fact should recognized for one instant that it. was to operate there, or might by any possibility operate there, would be exceedingly mischievous, and I am unwilling upon this floor, and feel it utterly inconsistent With my duty to In State, to allow any such thing to pass here. Wliere the necessity for this institution exists. let it be confined there, but let it not be extended beyond. If there are any portions of the States which have not been in rebellion where thisjnris diction is necessary, they should be accurately defined, because this is an extraordinary jurisdiction, and one which trenches upon those pe culiar and acknowledged State rights which are estimated very highly by all of us everywhere one which ought not to be extended beyond the limits of that necessity which begets its existence. I do not see any better form in which to put the amendment than the one in which I have couched it; that is, where a State has been in 1866. 335 rebellion, let this extraordinary remedy be aplied; where a State has not been in rebellion, but has remained loyal to the Union and loyal I to her allegiance to it, it is most extraordinary that this exterior or outside jurisdiction should be introduced for any purposeat all. It is a reflection on those States that they will not do justice to those who seek a refuge within their orders, and I repel, and desire to repel, an imputation of that kind from the State in which I reside. I am proud to say that, no matter who comes there, no matter what maybe his color, his complexion, or his creed, he is there protected upon the same footing precisely as all her people are; and I may sa, sir, that in her courtst e negro obtains pertips a fuller and more ample share of justice, on account of his weakness, than he would do were he a white man. Certainly nobody has ever comlained that a full and exact measure of justice as not, been meted out to him there in all our courts. I am loth, therefore, that anything of this kind should be enacted into a law by this Congress. If the bill in its provisions was made to operate where the necessity, or the alle ednecessit, for it is said to exist, of coursei have no o vectiom but I do object to extending it to the loyal States of the l. orth.