Mr. TRUMBULL. I have received from M. A. Southworth, Boyd Robinson, A. F. Miller, John Devonshire, Simon Jones, and Jacob Hawkins, a committee appointed by the influential loyal voters of Louisiana for that purpose, a memorial, which is accompanied by a letter signed by Jacob Hawkins, the chairman oheld by ocitizens of Louisiana, and charged with the duty of stating the history and objects of the memorial. With the leave of tMher.SHenaawtkei, nsI. willHreeasdtaatepsortion of this letter "About 70 copies, in possession of as many gentlemen, have been scattered over the State for signatures, and the names thus obtained, have all been attached to this document. It has been presented to nearly all of Qur more influential loyal citizens and about 1/3rd of them have signed it, the others being deterred from doing, so by regard for their personal interests or personal safety. The memorial has not been presentedto our colored citizens for their signatures, as it was deemed best that it rsehsopueld ctfbuellysigned mainly by representative men. your state that it is the strong conviction of memorialists that, in order that the action prayed for may be peaceably and effectually consummated, Congress should act immediately in this matter.” This petition is signed by J. Madison Wells, the Governor of the State of Louisiana, W. B. Hyman, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Louisiana, R. K. Howell, Associate Justice, and very many others, embracing, as is stated ionf the letter of Mr. Hawkins, about 1/3rd the more influential and representative men ouisiana..The petition sets out that the present political organizations in Louisiana are not republican, because a majority of the citizens of that State are disfranchised and because they do not give adequate and equal protection to all the citizens; and the petitioners allege that these organizations are not loyal, “because they are controlled by those who were engaged in and now sympathize with the rebellion against the Government.” “We respectfully represent (say the petitioners) that a large majority of the voters of the State regret the failure of, the late rebellion, and now openly approve andadvocatethe principles and feelingsthat produced it; that the principles and persons of those who remained loyal are as odious to them now as during the war, and that those who assisted the general Government in its victorious contest are now in the condition of a vanquished party; that the mur 'dersand persecutions of loyal men are increasing in frequency and turpitude, and that the lives, liberty and property of the freedmen are mainly dependent upon the interests and, caprices of the disloyal; and that neither we nor they can obtain justice in the civil courts or adequate military protection.” They further say: petitioner uerfohreonroersapbelectbfuoldlyie, sbtuot tamkoesstuecahrnaecstitolyn, as will supersede the present political organizations in our State by such as will be loyal to Government, the General and secure to the loyal people of Louis iana protection in their lives, liberty, and property.” The source from which this memorial ema nates, the important questions which it treats, and the high character of the gentlemen who have signed it, will excuse me, I trust, for occupying the attention of the Senate for a few moments before I shall move its reference to a committee. If it be true, as alleged in this memorial, that the loyal men of the State of Louisiana are in the condition of a vanquished party; if their lives, and liberty and property are not safe under the political organizations that exist, and which are in the hands of disloyal men, (and that these allegations are true, the gentlemen who make them have the best means of knowing,) it seems to me it is our duty to take some action in regard to the existing state of things in the State of Louisiana. know we have proposed a constitutional amendment for the ratification of the States in the Union, and if it should be held that the ratification of that amendment by 3/4ths of the governing States made it valid, that would not remedy the existing evils in the State of Louisiana, or any other of the rebellious States where a similar condition of things exists. Something more would be necessary. It would be necessary to enter those States and hurl from power the disloyal element which controls and governs them. Need we wait for the ratification of the constitutional amendment to do that? In my judgment we need not. I think Congress has complete control over the whole subject. Under. Constitution it is incum bent on Congress to see that there is guarantied to each State in the Union a RFG. This, duty devolves upon us and nobody else. The Constitution says: “The Congress shall have power to mako all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the U.S or in any dept or officerthereof.” What power is vested in the Government of the U.S.? Another clause of this in strument says: “The U.S shall guaranty to every State in this Union a RFG.” What dept of this Government is charged with the duty of carrying that power into effect? By the terms of the instrument it is the Congress of the U.S and none other. And even if the power were vested in the Executive, which it is not, it would be the duty then of Congress to pass the necessary laws for his carrying it into effect. But, sir, it is not simply under this clause of the Constitution that the Congress has complete jurisdiction over this whole subject; there are other clauses. The Constitution declares that the Congress of the U.S shall have power “to declare war” and “make rules concerning captures on land and water, ” “to define an punish offenses against the law of nations.” And what was this rebellion but an offense against the law of nations? “To raise and support armies and make rules for their government and regulation;” and also by force of arms to put down insurrection under these war powers, vested by express terms of the constitution itself in the Congress of the U.S. Congress has complete jurisdiction over this whole subject, and the rebellious States and the people of those States are in the condition opany other people who have wickedly and causelessly undertaken to rebel against a good and just Government and failed in the undertaking. What, sir, is the condition of the people in these rebellious States? How came i. in the condition they are in? They undertook, not as individuals but as States, through their State organizations, to disrupt this Government and set up a government independent of the government of the U.S and in hostility to it. They overthrew the State governments which were in existence, which constituted the only link between them as States and the Federal Government. There is no other way by which a State, as such, has any connection with the Federal Government, except through a State organization; and the Federal Government has no connection with a State, either in its representation or in any other way, except through a State organization in harmony with the Federal Government. These rebellious States, Louisiana among them, succeeded in destroying those State organizations; they thereby broke the link which bound them as States to this Union. They were no longer States of the Union, having the rights and the privileges of States of the Union. They were still communities and States, if you please, within the jurisdiction of the Union. The laws of the Union operated over the people of the rebellious States just as completely during the rebellion as before or since. Every law of a general character extended over the people of the rebellious States just as much as over those of Itthe loyal States is true that for a time the Federal government did not have means of enforcing its laws; but every citizen in those States was amenable to the law. It is true in every case where any citizen violates the law that the Government has not the means of preventing its violation; if it had no crime would ever be committed? The law forbids murder and the fi and robbery and arson; but thefts and rob beries and burnings take place in violation of the law. Sir, the law forbade this rebellion; it was not powerful enough to prevent it, and the Government of the U.S. for a time was not able to enforce its laws within the lim its of the rebellious States; but every citizen of those States was amenable to the law when ever the Government was in a position to enforce its authority. This, sir, in my judgment, was the condition of these rebellious States. The people of those States succeeded in destroying if: loyal State organizations, they set up State organizations in hostility to the Government of the U.S. The Government of the U.S., as was its duty, overturned and extinguished these disloyal State organizations. What then was the condition of the rebel States? Were the old State governments revived? By no means. There was not, and had not been for years, a single officer under those old State governments, neither Governor nor judges nor Legislatures nor executive officers of any description; there was not an officer in one of those States holding his office under the State governments which the rebels overthrew. We ourselves, by the power of the Government and the bravery of our troops, overthrew and extinguished the rebellious State governments. There then existed no link by which those States as States were connected with the Federal government. In order to renew that connection it was necessary that State governments should be set o: This was admitted by everybody, and the POTUS, acting under this admitted fact, undertook to organize State governments. In my judgment he had no authority to enter upon that work. The Constitution of the U.S. confers upon the President no implied powers; he has only express powers. The implied powers are all conferred upon Congress, and &o is to pass the necessary laws to carry out the powers vested in the President or in any other dept of the Government. He cannot frame the laws by which to carry into effect any of the powers conferred upon him. But, sir, he undertook through provisional governors, whom he appointed to organize State governments in order to restore the connection between the rebellious States and the Union, which had been broken for 5 years. Now, had the President's plan succeeded, had he succeeded in organizing State governments that were loyal to the Union, that were under the control of loyal men, that protected loyal citizens and secured freedom to all the inhabitants in those States, Congress might and doubt less would have overlooked the manner of their organization and recognized them as restored to their former relations, because Congress is as anxious and the people of this country are as anxious as the President himself ever was or can be for the complete restoration of the States of the Union to their former relations upon equitable, fair, and honorable terms. But, sir, the people of this country are not willing that the rebellious States shall continue to be ruled over, by rebels and Union men be persecuted for their loyalty. This memorial shows that the State organizations in Louisiana, or the political organizations as they are called, are not republican: and it states, moreover, that the loyal men who assisted the Government to put down the rebellion are in the condition of a vanquished party; that murders and persecutions of loyal men are increasing in frequency and turpitude, and that they cannot obtain justice in the civil courts or adequate military protection. I am also informed by a Gentfrom Alabama, who has placed in my hands an official report made by the treasurer of the State of Alabama, that taxes have been imposed by the political organization in that State, and money collected and appropriations of that money made to pay the salaries of the rebel officers who oState during the rebellion. To Governor Watts 1000s of dollars have been paid within the last year out of money collected by taxation off the loyal people of the State.