Mr. HOWE. In precisely the case which the Senfrom Pennsylvania has referred us to I do not hesitate to say that I would not allow the POTUS to remove the members of the Cabinet, the heads of Depts. If they were not in accord with the President, it does not follow that they were not in accord with some other dept of the Government; it does not follow that they were not in accord with the people. The senator calls the Cabinet the President's “own Cabinet.” We are at issue upon the propriety of that exact term. I deny that the Cabinet is the President's Cabinet, that it was intended so to be by law, that it ought so to be in fact. It is the Cabinet of the people. Its members are to serve the people, and every duty prescribed to each one of those officers is prescribed by law; and there is no duty prescribed by law to anyone of them that they may not execute just as faithfully and just as ably when not in accord with the President as when in accord with the President; and, unless I am greatly mistaken, there is no duty devolved by the Constitution or by law upon the President that he may not discharge just as well, whether his SecyState or his SecyTreasury or any other member of the ministry or all other members of the ministry disagree with him or not. The duties which are confided to him by the Constitution are few, and in the discharge of those duties he can neither be controlled nor obstructed by any minister. It is to enable him to exert powers and influences not iven to him by the Constitution or by law that it is thought to be essential that he should have control of the tenure of these heads of Depts; and it is precisely because you cannot give him control of the terms of these officers, without giving him powers and influences which the Constitution never designed that he should have, that I object to leaving that control in his hands. Mr. President, I do not say this at all with reference to the present condition of affairs. Let who may be President at any time here: after, I still insist that this is the sound rule of interpretation, and ought to be enforced.