Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, I have already called the attention of the House to the condition of SCarolina, in which I will be sustained by the facts already before the House and before the country touching that people. I call the attention of the House also to the condition of Mississippi. How is it thataman who fought in the armies against the country throughout all these years of conflict a man who, believe, had arebel commission as brig adier general is elected Governor of that State, and is now Governor over that people? The people who would elect Humphreys Governor are i nouthbetlewssar the people who followed Humphreys for treason. in the war for the dismemberment of the Union. Now, we are told by these gentlemen to make haste to restore alof those States and permit them to reenact by law the crimes which they have inflicted by force fpr the last 4 years. I think there are exceptions among those States. I think there is a grdator proportion ofloyal men in some than in others. I think it may become the accepted policy of this House, and I trust it will, to, admit such States as are so far advanced in reconstruction and reorganization and an honest return to allegiance under the Government as will enable them to consoli date theirstrength and maintain a republican constitutional State government. It seems to me equally clear if on intend to havethese36 Statesoneun crourConstitution, if you intend every citizen of every State shall in the hereafter have the immunities and privileges of citizens in the several States, you must amend the Constitution. It cannot be otherwise. Restore those States with a majority of rebels to political power, and they will cast their ballots to exclu e from the protection of the laws every man who bore arms in defense of the Government. The loyal minority of white citizens and the disfranchised colored citizens will be utterly powerless. There is no efficient remedy for it without an amendment to your Constitution. A civil action is no remedy fora great public wrong and crime. Nobody dreams, if we admit these States an qualifiedly, but some of their otheials would violate their oaths as they have heretofore done and clothe themselves with perjur as with a garment in order to swec. away the rights of loyal men, and be avenged upon them for their fidelity to the sacred cause of the Constitution, and the laws. Sir, we are no longer permitted to doubt that whole communities are capable of so great in famy and perfidy. They did this in 11 of these States 5 years ago, and if they did it once may they not do it again? We are told they will be interror of the prowess of your arms. Ay, they have occasion to be interror of the prowess ofyour arms, and they will doubtless avoid any such conflict again. But the point I desire to make clear is, that unless you put them interror of the power of your laws, made efficient by the solemn act of the whole people to punish the violators of oaths, they may defy your restricted legislative power when reconstructed; they may dismember your Union and rend it into fragments and drive into banishment every loyal man in all those rebel States, and hold as their herituge a territory half as large as, continental Europe without firing a gun or daring again to commit the overt act of treason. With these convictions of the power of the rebel poulation when their States are fully restore, I urge this amendment upon the consideration of the House and upon the consideration of the country. I pray gentlemen to consider well the vote they may give new or at a future day when we come to act finally upon this measure. The present rejection of this measure and the admission to full representation of all the rebel States now, may bring your institutions into peril. Whatever may be the result I shall not cspair of the Republic. M trust. will be in the people to whose decision ask you to commit this amendment that great people who saved their imperiled Constitution amid the fire and tempest of battle. They will, I trust, though it may be not without additional sacrifice, correct all errors, )erfect their Constitution, enforce by just and equal laws all its provisions, and so fortify and strengthen the lie public that it will stand unmoved until empires and nations perish. Mr. Speaker, Ispeak in behalf of this amendment in no party spirit, in no spirit of resentment toward any State or the people of any State, in no spirit of innovation, butfor the sake of a violated Constitution and a wronged and wounded country whose heart is now smitten with a strange, great sorrow. I urge the amendment for the enforcement of these essential provisions of your Constitution, divine in their justice, sublime in their humanity, which declare that all men are equal in the rights of life and liberty before the majesty of American law. Representatives, to you I appeal. that here after, by your act and the approval of the loyal people of this country, every man in every State of the Union, in accordance with the written words ofyour Constitution, may, by the national law, be secured in the equal protection of hispersonal rights. Your Constitution provides that no man, no matter what his color, no matter beneath what sky he may have been born, no matter in what disastrous conflict or by what tyrannical hand his liberty may have been clo ven down, no matter how poor, no matter how friendless, no matter how ignorant, shall be deprived of life or liberty or property without due process of law law in its highest sense, that law which is the perfection of human reason, and which is impartial, equal, exact justice thatjustice which requires that every man shall have his right; thatjustice which is the highest duty of nations as it is the imperishable attribute of the God of nations.