Mr. MOULTON. That letter of GenlGrant does not militate at all against the position which I assume. Allow me to remark, I} a sir, that GenlGrant was in the southern States for only a very few days, and had but little opportunitg to ascertain the fooling of the people there. ut, sir, the liiglhestlaw officer of this Government has declared in an official communication which has been transmitted to Congress, that the war is not ct ended, and that war exists in the southern States. In addition to that, the order of GenlGrant, to which I have already referred, the order recently issued by General Terry in Virginia nul lifying the action of the Legislature of that State, and other orders of a similar nature, issued with the sanction of the POTUS, are all acts of war in contem phition of law. Of the same nature is the act of the President in the appointment of provisional governors. Here is where I find the authority for the establishment of this bureau. It is a military establishment; and it is absolutely necessary for the protection of the freedmen and refugees in the South. But, sir, let me state another reason why I am in favor of this bill. hi friends upon the opposite side have proteste all along against emancipation, on the ground that the negroes would flock into the free States, and that we would be overrun with that class of pepulation. I repeat, sir, if they are sincere in their desire to keep the negroes from the free States they ought to join me and the Republicans on this side of the House in assin this bill. Wh 7 The very object oft is bil is to protect the freedmen and refugees in their rights; and let me say, whenever the colored man is completely and fully protected in the southern States he will never visit Illinois, and he will never visit Indiana, and every northern State will be depopulated of colored people, as will be Canada. I say that one of the objects of the hill is to protect these men in their civil rights against the damnable violence of the leading men in the southern States. That is one of the objects of the bill. There is another. reason why I understand gentlemen on the other side oppose this bill. The object of the bill is to protect the colored man. The pro slavery party on the other side of the House from the oundation of the Government up to the present time have done every thing they could against ameliorating the condition of the colored men. NO act was ever passed or proposed to be passed for the benefit of the colored man that toDemocratic party, the pro slavery party, did not vote against it. It would have been inconsistent if they had not opposed this bill. One object of the bill is to ameliorate the condition of the colored man and to protect him against the rapacity and violence of his southern persecutors. Let me notice the argument of my colleague, [Mr. hIARSHALL.] I think I have fully an swered the objection that it has no foundation in the constitution. Let me say that I think the provisions of this bill are in accordance with the acts of the Government in reference to similar subjects. Our Government has continually appropriated money for persons similarly situated to these freedmen. Africans brought to our coast in contravention of our treaties in reference to the slave trade have been taken charge of by the Government, and sent back to their own homes, and money has been appropriated by which they have been provided for for years. Where did you get the authority to do that? I may allude to thesame practice in regard to the Indian tribes. Only a few days aglo a bill was introduced into this House by which we appropriated half a million of money for some hel) starved Indians. The Gentfrom Kansas [Mr. CLARKE] said they were in a starving condition, and that unless we made the appropriation they would commit depredations upon the white people. We appropriated the money. It was in accordance With the pradtice of the Government, which has its foundation in the constitution. The gentleman has made another objection to this bill; and let me say that all the objections he has urged against this bill, when examined critically, have no foundation in the bill itself, but only in the imagination of my distinguished colleague. He says this bill provides one low for one class of men, and another law for another class. The very object of the bill is to break down the discrimination between whites and blacks. The object of the bill is to provide where the ref u ees and freedmen are iscriminated against, where a State says, as many do in the outb, that the black man shall not make contracts, that the black man shall not enjoy the fruits of his labor, that he shall be declared a vagabond, a vagrant, and the same laws do not operate against (he whitementhat such discrimination shall not exist, notwithstanding the stat utes of any State. Therefore I repeat that the true obicct of this bill is the amelioration of the comition of the colored people.