Mr. CHANDLER. I do not wish to misrePresent the Senator. They are the rolling mill men. Now, sir, see the disinterested patriotism of this Iron and Steel Manufacturer's Association. They propose to let in at 3 dollars 3 hotons of scrap iron from railroads alone annually, which it would cost 60 dollars a ton in labor alone to manufacture here. You are to let in iron for the rolling mills at 3 dollars a ton, ready to go through the roller with one heat. But what do these patriotic individuals propose? I read from the bill: On iron in pigs, 9 dollars per ton. They are going certainly to protect the manufacturers of pig, Why? Because scrap is worth twice as much as pig to them, and is ready for use. Oh, yes, they will protect pig, most assuredly; but they let in scrap at 3 dollars per ton, and it costs them 28 dollars a ton to turn pig into scrap. Will you not get a large amount of duties from pig under that? Oh, they were very patriotic; they were really anxious that the manufacturers of pig iron should be protected Onall iron in slabs, blooms, loops, or otherforms lessfinishedthan bars, and more advanced than pig iron, exceptcastings, one and one 4th centsper pound. Mark you, their material comes in at 3 dollars a ton ready for this operation, and they fixthis duty at the exact cost of putting it through their rolling mills. They are going to have free tradesofar as they are concerned, and yet they aregoing to have just exactly duty enough to . them for rolling. That is what they have one. They have charged a duty which exactly covers the cost of rolling, and they get theirmaterial free. Where are your duties to comefrom? They have gone through this whole listin thesame way. They put 25 dol. lars per ton upon this rough material, which coststhem about 20 dollars per ton to run throughtheir mills. Then On iron bars for railroads and inclined planes mpeardeto pattern, ready to lay down, 70 cents 10opounds. Or 14 dollars perton. That you seegives them a protection of just 11 dollars per ton overany foreign iron roller. You bring in the material ready for the heat at 3 dollars, and then you give them a protection of 11 fdeorlelanrcsepinertthoen, coswthoicfhlamboorrebethtwaneenpa8ys t.heBdriift. ain and the U.S. Again: On iron bars rolled or hammered, comprisingflat bars not less than one and a half nor more than 4 incheswide, norless than half an inch nor morethan twoinchesthick, one and one 4th centperpound. Or 25 dollars a ton. There again you give them the exact expense of rolling precisely. That is just what it cost. Is not this very patriotic? Bring the material at a nom inal duty, and break down every forge in the U.S. while you build up your rolling mills' Certainly that will be the result, and you will stop our mines in Michigan, that yield richer than any other in the world. We cannot send a pound of ore to Ohio if this bill passes, because they will use old scrap. You stop the forges throughout the State of Pennsylvania, because you admit the highest grade of iron at 3 dollars per ton duty, ofor the rollers. But again: On all sizes of flats, rolled or hammered, less than 3 8th sof an inch in thickness, and not thinner tphearnpNouon. d8. wire gauge, one and 3/4ths cent Or 35 dollars a ton. Here they have carried out the same rule. They have gauged thisbill from end to end, and given the rolling mills protection to the amount of the whole cost of this, as the Senfrom Maine calls it, remanufacture. I need not go through all the items to show that this is carried out throughout, but here is another: iroOnn, all sizes of oval, half oval, and half round 2 and one 4th centsper pound. Qr 45 dollars a ton. They apply here the same rule as they do in regard to articles more orolled. This whole list, from end to end, is simply for the benefit of the rollers, and to exclude all foreign rolled iron. Now, Mr. President I have been trying for the last 2 days to ascertain the amount of duties received from iron imported into the U.S. during the past year, but I can. not ascertain it precisely. I then desired to approximate the amount, and I asked the commissioner if ten million dollars would be about it. He said that he thought not; that would be within bounds. I think the sum actually received would reach 15 million dollars; but assume for the sake of the argument that we receive ten million dollars duty upon iron and the manufactures of iron last year: how much will you receive under this tariff? 6 months from this day you will not receive one 4th what you receive now. You are cutting off for this Present year, 1867, at least 5 million dollars from your receipts. You will receive all the railroad scrap iron of the world. This will be the great entrepôt for scrap; we shall be a nation scrapped to death. If we get 300,000 tons of scrap it will give us a duty of 900,000 dollars, and you sacrifice the ten millions you now receive, and in whose interest? Will you get iron cheaper then? Not at all; but this is entirely in the interests of the rolling mills. Mr. President, if free trade is the rule, if that is what you are after, say so; but do not permit this great iron interest, scattered all over the U.S., to be sacrificed for the benefit of some ten or 12 rolling mills. Perhaps I am mistaken in the number of rolling mills, but they are certainly very few in comparison with the great number of forges and manufactories of iron all over the U.S. States. Again, after they have got through with these rolling mills, they do not stop, but they carry it out in regard to the finer manufactures of iron. For instance: On railway frogs, frog points, side bars, and finger bars of iron, 3 cents per pound. Or 60 dollars a ton, while they admit the material from which these are manufactured at 3 dollars per ton. These very articles are manufactured from the scrap, admitted at 3 dollars per ton, and yet the bill gives a protection of 60 dollars a ton to the manu acturer. Then on screws the duty is 8 cents a pound, or $160 a ton.