Mr. TRUMBULL. Mr. President, I do not yield to the Senfrom Indiana in my desire ibr the restoration of harmony and peace and friendly intercourse between all the sections of this country. I desire it as ardently and as earnestly as he does; but I say to the Senfrom Indiana that we wilfncver have peace and harmony while he insists on putting the control of the late rebel States in the hands of traitors and rebels. His constituents and mine, the loyal men who went into the Arm and by force of arms put down the hostile trai tors, will never consent that the control of that country which they marched through and in which they dispersed the rebel hordes shall be given to the men the dispersed and scattered, so that those men shall take control of those States and persecute, oppress, and degrade loyal men. It is the Senfrom Indiana, and those like him, who seek to uphold traitors in office in the South, that keep up this difficulty. Is the Senfrom Indiana in favor of lacing the control of the States lately in rebellion in the hands of the rebels? Is the VEEP of the rebel confederacy to come in here as a Senator? Is his colleague, Herschel V. Johnson, fresh from the rebel congress. to come here to legislate for the loyal people of this country? Let the Senfrom ndiana shake elf his party shackles and rise up to the Union sentiment of this country, and say to the people of the South, “You, rebels, that brought on this war and occasioned all this desolation and woe throughout the land, North and South, stand back; let the loyal men of the country rule the country." Let him unite with us, and they will take back seats; we will welcome the southern States lately in the rebellion in the control of loyal men; and I will unite with the Senfrom Indiana in welcoming their loyal representatives to seats here and in the other House of Congress by the passage of laws that shall recognize those States at once aQn friendly and constitutional relations with the Government. If the Senfrom Indiana wants harmony restored, ifhe wants friendly intercourse among the inhabitants of the late rebellious States, I tell him he cannot have it until there is a Union sentiment in the South that will protect a Union man in the South. He cannot have it when a man for his personal safety in traveling through the lately rebellious districts has to conceal his love of the Union. He cannot have it when the national flag cannot be borne in safety through the streets of Mobile. He cannot have it when loyal men and women are not permitted to go and scatter flowers upon the graves of the heroes who fell to maintain the nion. The loyal element of this country, the Union men of this nation, have suffered too much and too long to have alIiliation and friendship with the traitors that brought upon them that suffering and who still persist in oppressing Union and loyal men. Sir, I am betrayed into the making of these remarks in reply to the insinuation of the Sea ator that friendly intercourse and harmony between the different sections of the country are prevented by any action of mine. I came to this Congress determined to do all in my power to bring about that result at the earliest practicable period consistent with the safety of all; and till then he cannot have it. One word as to the price of corn. Why, sir, it was before this rebellion that comsold in my State at 8 cents a bushel. I have never nown corn as cheap as it was some years ago, before the rebellion. when the avenues of trade were all open; and for the Senator to undertake to say that because of the unfriendly relations that have existed between the North and the South, or because we do not recognize that traitors shall rule the South, therefore our prices are depressed, is an entire misapprehension. So far as the markets down the river are concerned, trade and commerce are as open and free as ever; and the price which corn as borne in the last year has not been so low as it was some years previous to the war. Ipresome the Senator himself is aware of that fact. But, sir, I am sorry to be drawn oil“from the consideration of this bill, which I regard as of vital importance t9 his constituents and mine, b this discussion or any discussion in relation 1. the national affairs of the country as connected with the late rebellion. This is a great national work which we need in time of peace and harmony in the country. We shall need it more in time of war because it will open a passage for our war vessels incase of diflirculty with a foreign nation who might hold the country north of us. Therefore, in a military point of view, it is a work of essential importance for the proper defense and securit of the country. The provision as to the Sta e of NewYork giving her consent before this bill shall go into operation is one which I do not favor. I am for striking that provision out. The Senate has not yet taken the vote upon it. Under the motion made by the Senfrom NewYork to postpone the bill, we cannot now get a vote upon it until that other question is disposed of. In my judgment that provision should be stricken out, because I go for this work as a national work. I hold that the Federal government has a right to make this improvement, because it is an improvement necessary and essential and proper to be made for the de fense of the country and for the national good of the country. I it is a work that‘the State of NewYork has a right to control, then it is a local work, and the Federal Government would have no right to construct a work for the benefit of NewYork or dependent upon the will of NewYork. It must be national in order to authoriZe the Federal Government to undertake it. It might perhaps aid in it, even if it was entirely a State work, incident ally; but to undertake a purely State work I think would be a stretch of the constitutional power of the Government. So much, then, for that proposition. As the bill stands, however, the consentof NewYork is necessary; and on this question of postponement we propose to postpone a bill to which the consent of NewYork is necessary before it can go into operation. I should be glad to have the consent of NewYork. I should be glad to have harmony. I should be glad if they would cooperate willingly in this work. I regret that a local work in the State of NewYork, in which her co ple feel a great pride, and justly so, one which as redounded to the credit of that State and to the honor of its projectors and to the benefitof the whole nation; I regret tha‘bthat work should have such an influence upon the representatives of that great State here as to induce them to oppose this measure. Sir, it would be but adding another to the many honors justly beloning to NewYork to have her come in and aid to increase and open more perfectlydhese great thoroughfares which are to bind the Union together.