Mr. TRUMBULL. The Senfrom Indiana assumes now and I am willing to take up his position where he left it that a State having its relations established with the Union, it is then for the Senate to determine for itself ever afterward, as I understand him, whether it is entitled to representation here. A momentago when I pressed him on that point and wanted to know if when flagrant war existed the Legislature of SCarolina had a right to send members here, what was his answer? “I am not talking about war; I am talking about a time of peace.” Now, the State of SCarolina once had relations established with this Union; she had once authority to be represented here. Does the Senfrom Indiana, then, mean to assert that when flagrant war existed, when the Legislature of SCarolina passed an ordinance of secession declaring her relations with this Union dissolved, when she required an oath from every officer of that State in hostility to this Union and in favor of a government set 11 in hostility to it; I should like to know if the Senfrom Indiana means to say that at that time she was entitled to representation here, when the authority of the Government was not recognized upon a single foot of her soil? Does he mean to say that she was entitled to representation here then? If not, there was a time she was not entitled to be represented. ‘If there was such a time, when, under the authority of congress, the POTUS declared the(peo Ie of that State to be in insurrection an rebellion against the Government, if at that time a people at war with this government were not entitled to representation, will he tell me how they became entitled to it? Where is the authority to judge whether they have become entitled to representation except the same authority which cclared them in rebellion against the Union? Is there any other? Does the Senator in his admiration or in his zeal for the new affiliations which he has formed, mean to contend that the POTUS has any authority to determine what is the legislature of a State? Has the POTUS any authority to interfere with the Legislature cfa State? When the Senator proclaimed peace throughout this land, when he said that the Union was restored and allwas quiet, had he looked into the morning papers he would have seen an order issued by authority of the Lieutenant General demanding the armies all through the South to interfere in civil su'its for the protection of the citizen. Does that look like peace there? Has the Army any authority to interfere with the citizen in time of peace? The morning apers contain an order issued from the A iutant Generafs office, and of course by authority of the President, establishin military authority all over the rebellious States. They are at peace, are they? Is not the hqbeascorpus suspended throu hout theserebellious States? Is it not suspen ed in Texas today? I have seen no evidence of its restoration. Now, sir, it is for Congress to determine, not the POTUS. He has no authority to organize Legislatures. He has no authority to say who shall be a robate judge in Mobile ih time of eace. He la’sno authority to say who shall old an office in Norfolk in time of peace; and yet all these things have been done. It is idle for the Senfrom Indiana to shut his e es, to what is apparent to the whole country, what everybody sees. Sir, the southern States lately in rebellion are not restored in their constitutional relations. They have not organized State governments with authority to representation in either House of Copgress. The power which declared them in insurrection and rebellion is the only power to declare them out of that insurrection and rebellion. When that declaration shall be made andI trust the facts and the circumstances of the country may admit of its being made at an early day then, sir, it will be for each House to determine for itself whether the representatives pessess the reguisite qualifications and have been duly electe. That is the question. It is a mistaken notion to say that the constitutional relations of these States have been restored. such is not the fact. They talk about the Executive Government having restored them. The Executive Government has no power to restore them; and if it had the power, it has not done it. It interferes every day. The ink is scarcely dry upon an order establishing military authority through every one of them. It has not been done even by the Executive. He has not pretended to do it. He could not do it if he tried. Now, sir, we are making all haste to restore these constitutional relations, and when that is done we shall be lad to receive representatives who are qualified and properly elected into both Houses of Congress.