Mr. HENDERSON. I appreciate the Sea ators position, and am glad to have his views, but I wish to confine in self to the neighbor hood, at least, of my subject. So soon as the rebellion had been put down by military force, means ought to have been taken to remove forever the causes that provoked it. The South made the issue boldly in the Montgomery confederation. It was not slavery especially that induced the separation. Slavery was but the incident. It was the inferiority of the black man and his unfitness for political associationwith the white man that constituted the corner stone of the confederate fabric. When the fabric was torn down and scattered to the winds, the false political teachings, that entered into its construction, were abandoned by the builders. The South not only recognized the destruction of slavery on the downfall of the rebellion, but they were ready to abandon all the dogmas upon which slavery was founded. Slavery of white men, equals, was not justified by any portion of our people. It could only be justified as a guard ians ip or patriarchal government over an inferior race. If the inferiority were admitted, slavery had its defense in some sort of reason. But the exeriences of the war attacked and destroyed this defense, long knownto the South itself to be utterly untenable. Hence, on submittin to the national authority, they equally yielde to the logic of events on the negro question. They were ready to give up, in practice anyhow the idea of the negros inferiority. Mr. Calhoun, and other prominent men in the South, always held that if) the negro were made free it was tantamount to a declaration of his equality, and his enfranchisement must follow. If President Johnson had said in his proclamatiomof amnesty, “Whereas the people of the seceded States organized a rebellion and fought for 4 years against the Government of the U.S. in an unholy attempt to perpetuate the slavery of an entire race, on the false ground of the inferiority of that race; and whereas their rebellion has been overthrown, now I, AndrewJohnson, desiring to see slavery and its attendant evils removed, and that justice be established throu bout the land, North and South, do proclaim that all persons taking part in said rebellion shall be pardoned upon the express condition that slavery and all its pretensions shall be abolished, and that all distinctions of race and color in civil and ical rights shall henceforth cease, ” would pothliety not have accepted it? Would they not have been glad to accept it? No doubt about it; and then this angry controversy, just be inning to mold new political organizations, wou d have been unknown.