Mr. SHERMAN. I think we should find i. same differences of opinion that we have ere. Theobeing taken by yeas&nays, resulted yeas 16, nays 20; 16. So the amendment to the amendment was. rejected..Mr. CRESWELL. On the 63d page of the bill, section 9, line 546, the committee have stricken out the word “three” and inserted “4;” so as to make it read: peOrnpeohurnodm. ateand bichromateof potassa, 4 cents I move to amend that amendment by inserting “five” instead of “4, ” so as to make the duty on chromate and bichromate of po tassa 5 cents per pound. All the chromate and bichromate of potassa that was used in this country 25 years ago was brought from Glascow. The ore from which it is manufactured, known as chrome ore, was about that time discovered in the upper part of Maryland, in the county in which I reside, (Cecil,) and in Hartford and Baltimore counties, and stretching over into the lower part of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. At a great expense, and after great loss, some gentlemen in Baltimore entered largely into the manufacture of the article, and their works have grown until at the Present time, or rather at the beginning of. the war, they had them in the manufacture of chromate and ichromate of potassa some 2 or 300 men. They had also, by means of their increased production, brought down the price of that article from 30 cents to 15 cents per pound, and they had almost the entire trade of the country at that diminished rate. They applied some years ago for a duty upon the article, and a duty was imposed, 1st of 20%. advalorem, and afterward of 3 cents per pound. Under that duty they succeeded in establishing their branch of industry. They bought large tracts of land; they erected extensive works; they invested a large amount of capital; and, as I said just now, they employed a large number of workmen some 2 or 300, perhaps more than that even in a section of country that is unable by any other means to sustain its population; It seems that this article of chrome is not found in any but very poor soil. They have gone on manufacturing, notwithstanding the increased price of labor and the deterioration of our currency, until within the last 2 years they find themselves reduced to such extremities that they will be obliged to abandon the manufacture, of the article and leave the entire supply of this country dependent upon the foreign manufacturers at Glascow. If that should be the case, the result will be that the article will be put up to N. its old figures. sir, I think I can show conclusively to the Senate that the increase to 4 cents W. pound, which my distinguished friendfrom aine suggested the other day, and which he thought sufficient, is not such protection as this interest needs. Before the war there was an active competition between the manufacture here and the manufacture in Glascow; and, by the way, it is a single fight between them. This is the only place in this country where chromate and bichromate of potassa is manufactured, and these parties in Glascow are the only parties who export from Glascow and import into this country. It is a battle between them; and the question is, whether we shall abandon the trade to the foreign manufacturer or hand it over to the manufacturer in this country. At the beginning of the war the price at which these parties produced the article under the difference in the cost of labor was 11 cents in Glascow and 15 cents in Baltimore, to which price the manufacturers had brought down the articles from 30 cents, as I just now stated. If you add 3 cents, the old duty, to the 11 cents, the price in Glascow, it will make 14 cents. Add 1/3rd of that for the deterioration in our currency, and it makes 18 and 2/3rds cents. Add to that 1/3rd of a cent per pound for freight it is less than that; about one 4th and it makes 19 cents, which is cheaper than the article can be produced in this country, and the result will be the manufactory will be closed. If you take the duty at 4 cents per pound these parties will be able to place it in the market in this country at 20 cents, which is cheaper than it can be produced here, because when you add to 15 cents per ound, the lowest price at which it i. was sold the war in gold, the deterioration in our currency, it brings the expense to 20 cents per pound, and to that is to be added an increase of 90%. in the cost of labor. Now, sir, I think it nothing more than reasonable, right, and proper that this industry, in the 1st i.should be encouraged, and that, to do that, we should impose a duty of 5 cents per pound on this article. If 5 cents beothe foreign manufacturer will be able to place the article in the market in this country at 21 and 1/3rd cents per pound; so that upon a living rate of 21 cents per pound there. only a mar gin of 1/3rd of a cent. If gold depreciates, or rather if our currency improves in value to such an extent as to lessen the margin betweenthe two, then the competition becomes greater; and if our labor should increase even at those figures, or if it should not decrease as our currency appreciates, the result will be equally disastrous even at the duty that I ask from the Senate. I therefore think it as essential to this branch of industry that the increase should be made to 5 cents per pound. Now, sir, as to the revenue: in the one case the manufactured article is produced entirely, or almost entirely in this country, and these manufacturers, as all manufacturers in the country, pay a large% age to the internalrevenue. If the production be abroad we only derive the duties upon the importations.