Mr. BINGHAM. The gentleman says “there is for other courts, ” and yet he tells us that he does not desire to clothe “other courts” with the power of removal from office. That is the very thing he is doing by the proposed section. He has struck out the words “by impeachment or otherwise, ” and leaves the words “on conviction, ” which means on indictment and trial before a civil court and conviction therein. How does the section stand, then? Why that “any officer of the Government of the U.S. who shall appoint or commission any person to an office in violation of the provisions of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misde meanor in office, and on conviction thereof shall be dismissed from office.” That clothes the civil courts with power to remove any officer from office, the President not excepted. Now, what I desire to impress upon the House is, that in my opinion such legislation is in conflict with the express provisions of the Constitution of the U.S and with the manifest intent of its framers. I would remind gentlemen of the remarks made by Hamilton on this subject. He said when discussing this question before the people upon the adoption of the Constitution: “Where else than in the Senate could have been found a tribunal sufficiently dignified or sufficiently independent? What other body would be likely to feel confidence enough in its own situation to preserve unawed and uninfluenced the necessaryimpar tiality between an individual accused and the reprSeuspernetmateives of the people, his accusers. Could the Court have been relied upon as answering this description?” “. “The awful discretion which a court of impeachments must no cessarily have, to doom to honor or to infamy the most confidential and the most distinguished characters of the community, forbids the commitment of the trust to a smaller number of persons. These considerations seem alone sufficient to authorize a conclusion that the Supreme Court would have been an improper substitute for the Senate as a impeachments.” court of I therefore insist on my amendment.