Mr. WILSON, of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, I do not accept the doctrine, which has been advanced by my colleague from Iowa, [Mr. KAS son, ] and by the Gentfrom Pennsylvania, [Mr. THAYER,) and the Gentfrom NewYork, [Mr. HALE,) in regard to the executive dept of the Government as correct. I find, sir, that the Constitution says that the executive power shall be vested in the POTUSA. Now, I should like to know what there is in the executive part of the Government as we find it in the Constitution which would confer upon the heads of Depts power to override the POTUS in the determination of any policy however independent of the President you may make these heads of Depts? What right has a head of a dept to a policy except it be that policy established by law? What right under the operation of this amendment offered by my colleague on the ComJudiciary would the heads of Depts have to convene themselves together and override the President in the exercise of his power? The President is, as the Constitution says, the Executive of the U.S. He is to execute what? He is to execute the law, and any policy which he may have, or which his Cabinet may have, or the 2 combined may have, in violation of law, is a violation not merely of the law, but of the Constitution itself. Now, sir, the practice that this amendment proposes radically to change in the executive branch of our Government is one which has obtained too often and too long in our Government. It is in regard to foreign affairs and the administration of domestic concerns as alluded to by my colleague from Iowa. Sir, it is the duty of the legislative dept of the Government to determine the policy of the Govern;ment, internal and foreign. The laws passed by Congress impose duties upon the President and upon the heads of Depts, and they are to see to the execution of these laws. I ask any gentleman to point out to me how we are creating another branch of the executive dept.. I say Cabinet officers, if you are pleased to call them such, shall hold their offices during the term of the President by whom they are appointed. How does that make them independent in the determination of the policy of the President? What have they to do but to obey the laws and to obey the order the President may issue as Executive of the U.S. States? Suppose a Cabinet officer should have one line of. } in his Dept, and the President should conclude that another line of policy should be pursued, what has the President to do but to order this head clerk to pursue his policy? Suppose he should disobey any mandate of the legislative dept embodied in law, what right has he to override the order of the Executive of the U.S., who is made by the Constitution chief executive officer, any more than he has to override a mandate of the law, provided the order of the President is within the proper limits of the executive power? Here the hammer fell] the Si’EA RISR. Debate is exhausted on the amendment and on the amendment to the amendment.