Mr. MOltltlLL. Mr. Chairman, I am ready to admit that I spoke rather at random when I said that there were but half a dozen establilshments for crushing linseed west of the Alle ghanies; but it was not my purposeto speak conteinptuously. I only desire to give an idea that this increased protection is not for the benefit of the farmers and the agricult ' ural interest, but purely for the benefit of the crushers. Now, Mr. Chairman, in relationto the amount of importations, I am ready also to confess that I have not examined them since 1861; butprevious to that time I did examine them critic ally, and I know that we import very large quantities of both seed and oil. We all know that the importation of everything for the last 4 years has been entirely interru ited; the course oftrade has been changed; it has not been as it has been before, and therefore the records for the last 4 or 5 years afford no criterion for legislators to go by. In order to show that I am not wrong in my position upon this subject, I ask the attention of the I house to the records of congress since 1842. Why, sir, there never has been a time when there has not been a greater duty on linseed oil than upon the seed itself. It is obvious, if the gentleman ‘from Ohio nearest to me [Mr. Gsmusw] is correct, that if we import linseed oil when there is 7 cents pergallon more duty upon it than upon seed, you put them on equal terms, and no more seed will come into the country; it will all come in in the shape of oil. Now, let mecall your attention to the record. In 1842 the duty on oil was 25%., on seed 5%.; in 1846 oil 20%., seed 15%., in 1857 oil 15, seed free; in 1861 oil 20, seed 16; in 1864 oil 23, seed 16. All previous Congresses, therefore, have been stran ely in error or else my im.etuous young friendfrom Ohio [Mr. Scanner: is somewhat in error tonight. Now, Mr. Chairman, in my own State, and it is probably the same in Ohio, we have given up the growth of linseed for the sake of the seed. Every farmer, every agriculturist knows that if he lets even his grass ripen into seed it exhausts the soil twice as much as if he cuts it while in thmflower. And if flax is allowed to grow until the seed ripens it is very exhaust ive to the soil. And in States where they can grow wheat as they can in' Ohio, where they can get twice as much from the same number of acres as they can of flaxseed, and get a higher price for it, you cannot by any system of protection induce them to grow flaxseed. filers the hammer fell.]