Mr. FINCK. I renew the amendment. Mr. Chairman, I have been gratified with some of the liberal remarks of my colleague. l have sat here patiently day after day listening to, the discussion of this important measure, and I have been deepl impressed with the striking fact that the peopIe of 11 of our sister States, who have so much interestin agreat measurelike this, have not hada voice or vote on this floor to represent them. Sir, this is an unnatural condition of things; not in accordance with our representative system of government. The measure which was passed a few days since for raising internalrevenue, which so vitally affects the interests and business of the whole people, as well those of the States represented as those of the 11 States unrepreseated, has been passed through both Houses without the voice or vote for or against it of a single representative from nearly 1/3rd of the States. Can this thing last and our government continue a free Government? Sir, it is in direct conflict with the great principle on which our system of government was founded. In that bill you have discriminated against one of the great staples of this country, and violated one of the rules on which the revenue system is based. You have imposed a tax of 3 cents a pound on cotton. You do not propose to tax wheat, oats, and corn so much er bushel. It would be unwise and unjust to 0 so. But, sir, it is also unwise and unjust to impose this tax iipon cotton, and don 1y so because you impose it upbn a people to W em you have denied all representation on this floor. Is it the policy of this Congress to discour age the raising ofcotton and increase its price on the great masses of the people who use it? Is it the policy of this Congress to convert the cotton fields of the South into grain and pasture fields and bring them in cometitiai with the great agricultural interests of the West, and thus not only increase the price of cotton but deprive the great West of one of the markets for its produce? No man believes that this tax on cotton could have been imposed if all the States had been represented here; and allow me to inquire whether it is a part of this same scheme to take advantage of the absence of the Representatives of 11 States, who are derived of their seats here by the majority, and impose this monstrous measure called a tariff upon the country? The internalrevenue measure, we have been told, will lessen the burden, of our taxation from 50 to 75 million dollars, and surely the great manufacturing interests will receive their fair benefit of this reduction. Now, I submit whether it is right ‘and proper to further protect the interests of the manufacturers, whose dividends for the last year have been so large, at the expense of the agricultural interests and of the great masses of the people; for, say what you will, all these burdens in the shape of duties must in the end be paid by the consumers. Have gentlemen forgotten the importance of the cotton crop to this country; how much it has heretofore entered into the' decision of the great question of the balance of trade, and the means it has furnished us of keeping our gold at home and sending the surplus cotton crop abroad? It has been a great element in regulating our exchanges; and it seems to me that it would be both wise and just for us to encourage instead of discouraging the production of this great staple. Why, sir, its increase has been one of the most wonderful things in our history of productions. In 1800 only about 5,000 bales of 400 pounds each were exported. In 1849 the production had reached toncarly 2 and a half million bales, and in 1859 to the enormous and wonderful number of more than 5 million bales of 4 liun dred pounds each. And why tax this production t ree cents a ound? Would gentlemen have dreamed of oing so but for the fact of the unfortunate and unnatural troubLes which have afliicted the country? Is it in the spirit of punishmentand revenge that it is now done? Gentlemen should remember that legislation based on such asirit is always unsafe and unwise. Sir, the rst. great thing which this country requires is the assembling here of the representatives of the people of all the States in a true spirit of patriotism and conciliation and then these duties and taxes can be discusse and considered, and the interests of the whole country wisely understood and adjusted. gentlemen may venture too far. They should remember that he who would rend the oak must take care of its rebound. Let this bill be post poned to some more propitious time, when that appy day arrives, which I trust will soon come, when all the States shall again be represented here, and a cordial restoration of hearts and hands shall once more firmly cement our be loved Union. Mr. Chairman, [withdraw the amendment.