Mr. SHELLABARGER. I answer the gentleman that I have looked through these notes carefully and thoroughly, and that while, if my memory is not now at fault, I find some unim portant conflict of authority, I do not find any conflict that at all impairs the force of settled law as established in the prize cases. Sir, it is a weak and inadequate statement of the truth to say that. he mocks the law, offends the loyal sense of the people and insults their common sense who aihrms that that people or those States had any rights of government in this Union, every man, woman, and child of whom have been pronounced by 2 unanimous judgments of the Supreme Court of the Repulr ic to be, in contemplation of the supreme law of that Republic and of the law of nations, the public enemies of the U.S. Does the gentleman yet ask for “the specific act” that deprived these States of all the rights of States, aud made them “enemies?” Ionce more answer him in the words of the Supreme Court that the specific acts were, they causelessly waged against their own Government a “war which all the world acknowledge to have been the greatest civilWar known in the history of the human race.” That war was waged by these people “as States " and it went t rough long, dreary years. In it they threw o and defied the authority of your Constitution, laws, and Government; the obliterated from their State constitutions an laws every vestige of recognition of your GOVernment; 7 they discarded all official oaths, and took in their places oaths to support your enemys government. They seize, in their States, all the nations property; their Sens&Reps in your Congress insulted, bantered, defied, and then left you they exelled from. their land or assassinate every in abitant of known loyalty; they betrayed and surrendered your armies; they passed sequestration and other acts in flagitious violation of the law ofations, making every citizen of the U.S. States an alien enemy, and placing in the treasury of their rebellion all money and property r due such citizens. They framed iniquity and universal murder into law. They besieged, for years, your capital and sent you! by ceding armies, in rout, bac here upon the very sanc tuaries of your national power. Their pirates burnedyour unarmed commerce upon every sea. They carved the bones of our unburied heroes into ornaments, and dran from goblets made out of their skulls. They poisoned your fountains, put mines under your soldiers pris ons; organized bands whose leaders were concealed in your homes, and whose commissions ordered the torch and yellow fever to be carried to your cities, and to your women and children. They planned one universal bonfire of the North from Lake Ontario to the Missouri. They murdered by systems of starvation and exposure 60,000 of your sons as brave am heroic as ever martyrs were. They dew stroyed in the 5 years of horrid war another army so large that it would reach almostaround the globe in marching columns; and then to give to the infernal drama a fitting close, and to concentrate into one crime all that is criminal in crime, and all that is detestable in barbarism, they killed the POTUS Mr. Chairman, I allude to these horrid events of the recent past not to revive frihtful memories, or to bring back the impu ses toward the perpetual severance of this people which rthe provoke. I allude to them to remind, us 0w utter was the overthrow and obliteration of all nment, divine and human; how total was the wh reck of all constitutions and leis, political, civil, and international. I allude to them to condense their monstrous enormities of guilt into one crime, and to point the Gentfrom NewYork [Mr. RAYMOND] to it, and to tell him that was the specific act.” Now, Mr. Chairman, if the coin ined forces of the constitution and the Public Law, the obvious dictates of reason, justice, and common sense, and these enforced by the approval of repeated and unanimous judgments of the Supreme Court can settle for our own Government any principle of its law, then it is established that organized rebellions are not States, and that these 11 distinct political treasons, which they organized into one, and called it “the confederate States, ” had no powers or rights as States of this Union, nor had the people thereof. RESTORATION of the STATES If these States lost their powers and rights as States, by what authority and means are they restored? Is it accomplished by mere cessation of war and the determination of the rebel inhabitants to resume the powers of States; or is this Government entitled to take jurisdier this over the time and manner of the ir return? I hold that the latter is the obvious truth. Let it be admitted that these rebel districts ma, without the assent of the U.S., an without regard to the state of theirloyalty, resume, at pleasure, all the powers of States this Government having no jurisdiction to determine upon the question of their loyalty or the republican character of the new State governmentsthen we have this result. There were, during the 1st years of the war, 23 rebel euators, including Breck inridge and another. That was more than 1/3rd of the Senate. These 23 in the Senate are enough to deprive the U.S. of all power ever to make a treaty, or to expel a member from the Senate, or to remove from office by impeachment a rebel SecyWar like Floyd, or a rebel SecyTreasury like Cobb, or a rebel U.S. judge like Humphrcys, or an imbecile President who thought secession unconstitutional, and its prevention equally unconstitutional like Buchanan. How lon, sir, could your government survive with sue a Senate, 1/3rd rebel? How long can you live deprived of these powers vita to every Government? Not a week, sir. But, Mr. Chairman, this is precisely whatght have occurred at any day during this reliialftion if cessation of war entitles the revolted States to resume the powers of States in defiance of the will of this Government; audit is precisely what may occur today if those States he indeed disloyal yet at heart. If, after exhausting “all the resources of war” for the overthrow of the Government, and failing, it is, indeed, competent for them to abandon these resources, and resort to “the resources of statesmanship, ” and resume at once the high powers of States in the Union, without the as sent of such Government, then there has not been an hour since the rebellion began, and the hour is not now, in which this Government has not literally been in the power and at the mere of the rebellion. Is it replied to what has been said in regard to the power for mischief of disloyal Senators in the case which I have stated, expel them? the reply is Vain, because the same 23 who can prevent any impeachment or the formation of any treaty are also enough to prevent any exPulsion under the constitution. Is it again replied, exclude these rebels from the Senate under the clause making each House the judge of the elections and qualifications of its members? the reply is obviously frivolous. Here the hammer fell.]