Mr. SAULSBURY of Delaware addressed the Senate in opposition to the resolution. [His remarks will be published in the Appendix. Speech entitled Apportionment or Representation. March 6, 1866. The senatehaving under consideration the joint rssolution(H.R.No. 51) proposing to amend the Constitution of the U.S. Mr. SAULSBURY said: Mr. President: As I understand that there are one or 2 other Senators who intend to speak on this subject, if it isa reeable to them to address the Senate today, will with pleas ure yield the floor. If no one elseis prepared to go on I will proceed to make some remarks upon this resolution and yet, I confess, Mr. President, that never siuccl have been a member of this body have I felt so little disposition to articipate in its debates. Coming into public life at a time when the mind of the country was excited upon great sectional is sues, when the spirit of party was at its height, I felt it my duty then by such feeble utterance as I could make and by my votes in this body to do all I could to allay sectional animosities and the spirit of party, and to prevent so far as I couldpin my feeble way the opening of that bloody scene which we have so recently and for 4 long years witnessed. Foreseeing, then, that unless reason could resume its throne and passion and madness cease their hold upon the public mind, war must be the result, and believing. then, as experience has proved, that war was disunion, I felt it a duty which I owed to myself, to my State, and to my country, to do all thatI could to avert the calamities of war. But, sir, war came, and with it consa guence s which perhaps those who advocated it did not anticipate. In witnessing the results of that war I am reminded of some utterances by a very distinguished writer upon constitutio“nal law. Says Mr. Rawle: Natural life and political existencealike give way at the appointedmeasureof time and the birth.do cay and extinction of empiresonly serve to prove the tenuity and illusion of the deepestschemesof the statesmanand mostelaboratetheoriesof the philosopher." Sir, the examples of all ancient republics awaken a doubt in the mind of the philosoph ical and thoughtful student whether it is possible for apure y RFG permanently to endure. Nor does modern history afford much encouragement for hope; for of all the republics which have existed in Europe in modern times, one, and only one, remains; and every republic founded upon this continent today is buta republic in name, and the great Republic of the U.S.A is no exception to this general re mark. For what is the proposition now before this body? Does it not show that the Republic founded by onrfuthers does not this day exist? Where are 11 of the States that composed in part the Federal Union 7 Where are 22 Senators who have a right to a voice in this body today? Excluded from pnrticiation in the deliberations of this bod an in the councils of the nation, and exclued fora purpose a purpose to pass in their absence, although their people and the States which they are entitled to represent are to be seriously affected by this proposed legislation, this measurein this body fiy less than the constitutional vote. Sir, I come not here to reflect unjustly upon any member of this body or upon any party in this body, but truth demands the utterance that for the accomplishment of mere party purposes. regardless of the great interests of the whole American people a committee of 15 has been apointed by this Congress who in fact. contro the legislation of this Chamber and of the HoRep cs, and all they have to do is to meet in secret with closed doors, (the public eye not watching their deliberations or consultations) and wal into this Chamber and into the other House and presents. recommendation; and so far, all their recommendations have prevailed, however contrary to the spirit of the Constitution and destructive of the rights and liberties of the people. Now, sir, if there be any other object for the reseutation of such a reposition as that now before the Senate than that which I have named the accomplishment of a party purpose I should like some one to tell me what that object is. Why, sir, it was distinctly avowed in the HoRep that the object of this resolution was to deny to the southern States that voice in the legislation of the country to which they are entited by the Constitution as it now exists.