Mr. SAULSBURY. Mr. President, there can be no question, I presume, that what is called the Monroe doctrine is a cherished doctrine with the whole American people; but, sir, there is a time for all things. We may cherish a doctrine, we may believe in its truth, we may intend never to abandon it; but a practical consideration arises, is this the time to act upon it practically? Sir, I think that by the adoption of this amendment we shall present ourselves in rather a ludicrous light to the nations of the earth. With a portion of‘ our own territory, larger than that of Mexico, inhabited by 8 or 10 million people denied the enjoyment of a republican government, and that by the action of this Congress, denied a voice in the enactment of those laws which are to govern them and their children after them, taxed by the authority of this Government without their consent and without any participation of theirs in the enactment of those taxing laws, it is now proposed that we, the model Republic of the world, thus treating a portion of our own people, holding them in abject submission contrary to the fundamental law of the land, shall say to the' Emperor of France, “Walk out of Mexico, for you are violating a cherished doctrine of the American people; you are subverting republican principles in Mexico; and we who are so fondly attached to them cannot patiently wait a little while that you may get out of Mexico.” Why, sir, have we a republican government here? Have you had a republican government even in States which adhered to your fortunes during the late struggle, for the last 4 or 5 years? Where is our republican government in the State of Iaryland? Where is your republican government in the State of Tennessee? Whereis your republican government in the State of Missouri today? It is that republican government which Louis Napoleon understands so well how to manage. It is that republican government in which elections are centralled by the bayonet. It is that republican government which denies to the people of those States and has denied to the people of those States a voice in the enactment of the laws by which they should be governed. And what is your republican government today south of the Potomac, when that people have submitted to the Constitution and tie laws, when under the Constitution of the U.S. they have sent their Sens&Reps here to participate in your deliberations and to counsel with you in reference to the public good? Iask, sir, again where is your republican government there? There is a territory more extensive than the whole of Mexico, and a people numbering millions who are denied a voice in the Government under which they live, you holding them in abject submission to your authority, and yet proclaiming to the Emperor of France and to all the world that you are so fondly attached to the principles of republican government that you cannot hear to see republican institutions not flourish in the misnumed republic of Mexico. Sir, republican institutions have never flourished there, and if Maximilian were to retire from Mexico today, there would be no aldministration of republican principles there then . I rose, Mr. President, simply to say that while I accord full with the Ionroe doctrine as understood b i Mr. Monroe himself, and as understood by the legislators and statesmen of that day I think that this is no time for us to undertake to practically enforce it. Better, sir, restore republican institutions at home; better open your doors to the Sens&Reps of the South, and let them participate in your legislation and assist in making the laws by which they and you shall be governed. Give them a voice in the enactment of all the laws which shall conduce to their welfare. Restore fully the stain. uo ante bellum. Give us back the Union which our fathers gave us. Give to us the practical enjoyment of the principles of republican government as guarantied to us and guarantied to them by the fundamental law of the land. Then, sir, you can proudly in the face of the world proclaim this not only a great but the model Republic, and you can say, in such a manner as will command the lespect of the whole civilized world, that these principles which we ourselves enjoy and the enjoyment of which we have secured to every citizen of our own, we intend to see shall be maintained and preserved in Mexico; but until on have done that, until you have restored t ie whole body of American citizens to the enjoyment of their ancient republican institutions, talk not even to' your own people, much less to foreign nations, about preserving republican institutions.