Mr. NYE. Mr. President, I was absent when this subject was discussed before, and hence I had no opportunity to cast in vote for this bill. If I had been here, I shoufd of course have voted for the admission of Colorado. The permission to Colorado and the State that I have the honor in art to represent to form States was given at he same time, and the laws by which we were to be admitted are the same exceptdn the change of the names of the territories. The Senate will bear in mind that at the time this permission was given the government was casting aboutto see where it could gain corresponding strength against the weakness incident to the rebellion. It occurred, and I think wisely, to the Congress of the U.S. thatifthe process of making new States could be successfully carried outon the more distant portion of the continentit would strengthen us in that direction and make a counterbalancing power to the southern element that was flying off. I think they acted wisely; and I think, as a matter of sound governmental policy, that we should have continuous States across this continent; and I shall not stop to inquire fractionally whether these persons who desire to take upon themselves the burden of a State government are correct or not. I satisfy my self with the answer they have given that they are willing to assume that responsibility. They are the judges and not the Senfrom Kentucky, or the Senfrom any other State. They know best their ability, and knowing it, alct in their good judgment as seemeth best to t iein. I have seldom differed with the distinguished Senfrom Massachusetts, and whenever I do, I differ with great diflidence, for I know his power, and I expect to feel it if I differ from iiin; but, sir, feeling a little of that strength at this present moment that the stripling of Israel did when he warred with the giant of Gath, I venture upon the forbidden ground. It seems to me that he hardly treated this question with his usual fairness in the commencement of his argument today. I knew when be commenced that somebod was to be slaughtered, but who or how I did not know till I saw him plant his artillery upon the back of the distinguished Senfrom Ohio [Mr. Wane] from the committee on the conduct of the war, and fire at one of the Senators elect from Colorado. I could hardl then see its relevancy; and why he should take one of the distinguished gentlemen selected from that State to represent it in the Senate, I hardly to attack the veracity of this little pamphlet which I hold in my hand a candid, truthful statement of the condition of Colorado, giving facts and figures, which, with all the researe of the distinguished Senfrom Massachusetts, he will pardon me for saying he has not shaken in a single portion. He has not carried, with all his artiller, an out ost, or driven in a sentinel set by the istingiiis ied gentlemen who compiledthis pamphlet. Againstwhatheealled assertion he brings in what he calls fact. The honorable Senator need not have gone out of this pamphlet to find just what he read as an overthrow of the whoie thing. There it is within 5 lines of where he was reading, an they cite the very authority that the distinguished Senator said was melted own by a singlcbreath of the distinguished surveyor general of colorado. They quote the surveyor general of Colorado. But the difficulty lay here: my friend, who was not reared upon agricultural plains or mountain heights, but always breathed the purer air of bricks and mortar in Boston and the larger cities of Europe, had yet to learn that there was a difference between agricultural and pastoral lands. Sir, that difference has existed ever since the old poet san. That difference has existed always. The difference is this: our agricultural lands produce the cereals, the vegetables, and the grains; the pastoral lands produce grasses upon which erds and flocks feed, on the mountain side where the plow could not be held. The distinguished Senator seems hardly willing, when he is driven from that point, to let the population of Colorado alone, and seems to convey the idea that as the report upon the conduct of the war had said something about the testimony of one of the witnesses, therefore the population that he represents must necessarily be bad. In a word, he made out this fact, taking his own assertion to prove it, that the population, the mining interest, the agricultural intercst, and ever interestiiiColora owas dwindling and dwarfe to such an extent that I hardly thought it magnaniine us in the giant of this Senate to hit it another blow; and yet, after all, Colorado survives. I am not going to busy myself or detain the Senate by adetailed account of Colorado. Her history is as patent to all this Senate and the country as tohistory of Massachusetts. It has been written in much shorter time and in as indelible characters. In 1858 Colorado was an unbroken, untrodden wilderness, if plains can be called a wilderness. In 1868 the discovery of gold was made, and from that time to the present and Ichalleuge the gentleman to show to the contrary no Territory within the boundaries of this Government has made more manly, more permanent, and more enduring strides than the territory of Colorado. Sir, Colorado was in existence before Nevada was born. Her hills and her mountains were populated thickly by the intelligent, energetic, crsevering men of the East and of all clinics. n 1864, when the ver atmosphere was thick with the elements of issolving empire, congress gave Colorado and Nevada a chance to set their stars amid the galaxy of the older, not brighter, stars. Colorado fell into this mistake: she nominated her State Officers to run at the adoption of her 1st constitution. That will kill any Territory. We tried it once in the Territory where I live, and the constitution was beaten, as it always will be if ou arouse the ealousies of contending political factions. hat is the reason why Colorado was not within the letter of this enabling act. We tried the experiment in Nevada before the enabling act came, and we had learned a les son. I remember well writing a letter to governor Evans, who was Governorin a neighboring Territory, warning them not to fall into that error, but they did not heed it. Now. sir, what is the true policy of this government? These Territories are costly incum brances. The make, ifI may use the exression, as large rafts upon the Treasury of this country as any other system or portion Of our Government. I have satisfied myself from a low7 experience that the territorial governments made here are not sufficient or ample or ade quate to meet the emergencies and exigencies of a thriving, growing, prosperous people. They are discontented with it, Or the reason that most of the persons that are sent to rule over them are sent from abroad. I have often heard it talked of. The judiciary provided for by the organic acts under the territorial government is entirely inadequate to meet the exigencies and demand of any mining country. Ispeak of no particular person; but I know this from experience. The people of the territory of Nevada saw before the enabling act reaced them the perfect inctheiency of a territorial government to meet its wants, its interests, its demands, and the met and adopted a constitution much like the one we aopted recently, but it failed for the reason that at tached to it were officers running to {ill the State Offices when it was organized. Now, Mr. President, what is the real condition of Colorado? Is she as poor as my sympathizing friendfrom Massachusetts thinks she is? Is she so poor that even the distin uished Senfrom Massachusetts cannot O her reverence? She has more tillable land twice over than the State of Massachusetts. She has more acres surveyed than the State of Massachusetts can have surveyed within her borders. She has as many reemption rights already taken up as would twice cover the State in which the Senator now presiding[.Mr. ANrnosr] resides. She paid more taxes to the internalrevenue last year than Oregon, a western State, and more than Ne vada in some items. The total amount of internalrevenue, except from stamps, in colorado last year, this poor and miserable place, was $130, 052 01; in Nebraska, $56, 054 50; in NewMexico, $49, 042 28; and in Utah, $41,525 93. Taxof six %. on clothing and other articles O dressin Qolorado. “$70559 Nevada. 60501 Oregon. 35 Tax of 6 percop. on urniture and other articles made of wood in Oregon Tax on mundfacturem CaloMinna“ 200 Oregon. 330.3 Tax ofono 8th of one percan t. on brokerssales (blno. ! m1 erchandiseand othergoodsin M 7605 Nov d690 836 369 522 1 8 Colorado paid more on the one 8th of 1%. on brokers sales than Nevada, Oregon, Kansas, Minnesota, WestVirginia, Delaware, Connecticut, Vermont, or Maine. It does not seem to me from these amounts that Colorado is dwindling very rapidly. They show most conclusively and this pamphlet goes on to give the figures in detail that colorado is in a vigorous state of growth. It is a fact known to every man who reads that within the last 6 or 8 months there have been developments in the mode of working the ores of Coloradopthat are inviting the attention of the civilized and scientific world. Their productjons from the same ore that they have been turning out these millions upon have more than quadrupled; and today, and I speak advisedly when 1 say it, there is more attention being paid to the mineral wealth of Coloradopthan that of any other State or Territory of this nation. Why? She is nearer the borders of the surplus capital of the East. Capital has to fill up as it goes. It does not jump over States and Territories to find a distant shore, but it marches straight along with its interests and with its requirements; and Colorado, before 12 months roll round, will have a population more than double what it has now. know how these mining countries fill up; I know how the poulation surges back and for ward like the rest ess waves of the sea; but, sir, it comes back again to its place. After it has tried Montana, Idaho, Nevada, California, and gone as far as mining enterprise can see a mountain, it comes back again; and I know that last year population was returning to colorado as well as going westward from it. In my own State I have met men from Colorado who had come to see with their own eyes and determine for themselves whether it was better to move. I saw men who thought it was not and returned. But, sir, after all, I expect that the trouble with my distinguished friendfrom Massachusetts is in regard to this word “white.” He seems to abhor that word; it has a sort ofterror for him. It has none for me; nor “black” either. I have here the amendment which my friend intended to propose to this bill, striking out the word “white, " in the constitution of Colorado, and requiring the Legislature to give effect to it. I apprehend that at the time he offered that amendment he saw none of the visions of this pauperpopulation passing before him; he saw no reason to overthrow the reputation of Governor Evans. There was no necessity then for the erroneous statistics which have been furnished by somebody. The word “white” it is thathas so fearfully disturbed his equanimity. I have been as ardent an advocate in the interests of the black, if not as otent in his advocacy, as has been my frien from Massachusetts. I have panted for the day that we have arrived at now as the hurt pants for the mountain stream, and I have lived to seeit. But, sir, I am not going to vote against the admission of this State because that word is in her constitution; and why? I hear the trend of coming millions. I see that by the logic of events, whether this word is in or not, the day is not for distant when we shall see realized what this paperword “white” means. Sir, uicker than we can discuss this question will the phantom “white” disappear from Colorado. The sun will not make his annual course before on will see white men and black men voting in Colorado. It is the next step in the prog ress of this great reform, and men who lie across its pathway will be crushed before the moving power of a determined people. Therefore, sir, I am not as particular as I should have been some years ago. I labored to get that word “white” struck out of the constitution of the State of Nevada. I was not a member of the convention. It was retained; butI venture the assertion that before 12 months roll around, colored men will vote in Nevada. Not half the stride will that be in the progress of Nevada that has been witnessed, for when I 1st went there it was at. the peril of a mans healthy existence to talk about a negro or to claim to be an abolitionist but, sir, they have received line upon line. on precept upon recept, not from me, but from others, until Nevada today is as radical a State as the State of Massachusetts. I would appeal to her population with as much assurance of being sustained in any step that moves to the culmination of this great reform as I would to Massachusetts itself? They are a youn, vig orous, thriving, daring, noble people, on they dare do what is right, and they will. Before the trend of this march all bars of prejudice are breaking down; and my friendfrom Wisconsin, [Mr. Doom 111.2] when hewas laboring to kee the blacks from voting in Wisconsin last fall, did not know that there was an existing statute on the book that allowed them to vote.