Mr. CHANLER. I desired to say a few wards upon this 1st section, in reference to the general application of portions of it. But perhaps I can say what I have to say just as well upon this section. My object in rising is to notice the very terse and clear statement, as well as the very full and fair statement made by the chairman of the committee [Mr. SCHEXCKlin reference to the character and scope oft is bill. Icertainly feel inclined to congratulate the gentleman upon his kindness and consideration in accepting the suggestions of the Lieutenant General of the Army and the SecyWar in behalf of retrenchment and I think we may conmtulate ourselves that the state of security of the country is the basis of that retrenchment; that we have no reason to aprehend that state of in ternce ine war which has been made the ground for most of the bills presented to this House; and also that in the face of a fereion war we are prepared in the Organization of p the Army here propoaed to meet any exigency which may arise. This bill appears to pursue the same system of consolidation whether with more success I cannot tell. The bill, coming before us now for the 1st time, has not yet been subjected to that analvsis which its importance justifies. But, sir, the general features of the system proposed in the bill the organization of the colored troops, of the Reserve corps, and of the Provost liarshals Bureau: the fundamental alteration proposed with reference to the control of the Military Academy at WestPoint; the disposition manifested to exclude regular officers and to favor volunteer Officers, as if the citizen who receives a military education at the expense of the Government should stand in an in erior position to him who enters a volunteer organization without such military education a distinction for which I cannot see any good reason all these points strike me with orce on the 1st reading of the bill. Now, sir, one great feature of this bill the examining board has been admitted by the chairman of the committee to bear the name by implication if not by merit, of a star chamber tribunal. How such a tribunal may be advantageous to the service I, not being an expert, cannot of course determine with confidence; but considering the ordinary of human nature, it appears object principle so, because it places these military men at the mercy of the arbitrary judgment of their fel lows, and tends to create a spirit of rivalrv and contention which must prove a source of discord that will have a fatal influence upon the whole organization, rank and file. Upon this point I trust that when the section comes up we shall hear from the chairman of the ComMilAffr an explanation which will be satisfactory to the House and to the Army, the Officers of which, so far as my observation has gone, deem this feature of the bill very objectionable. One object which I had in rising to speak on this occasion was to call attention to the fact that, until this bill shall be fully and fairly before the country, there can be no sufficient. opportunity for members, particularly those on this side of the House, to ain practical and useful information as to the earings of the bill upon the Army and its officers. I trust that the chairman of the committee will consent that this full and fair opportunity for becoming acquainted with the merits of the bill shall be given and that final action upon it will be sufficiently delayed to enable us to inform our selves properly. The chairman of the committee, by reason of his peculiar position, has, of course, opportunities of information superior to those possessed by most of the other members of the House, particularly the members of the Opposition. As one of these, who, according to the system carried out by the domi nant party, are allowed to see the gates, but never to enter the portals of the political par adise, I ask for a little time, an express the hope that the discussion will be full and satisfactory. It is my impression that before the debate shall close the able and experienced chairman of the Military Committee will himself acknowledge that his bill is capable of imirovement.The next section was read, as follows: $110.3.Am! Abife:, That to the 6 regimentsof cavalry now in service there shall, be addedsix regiments, having the same organization asis now provided by law for cavalry regiments, all the 1st and 2nd lieutenants of which and 2/3rds of the officersin eachof the gradesabovethat of 1st lieutenant, shall be selected from among the officersand soldiersof volunteerswho have servedin the Army of the U.S. in the late war for the suppressionof the rebellion, and have been distinguished for capacity good conduct, and efficient service: Pravil g1, mower. That graduates of the U.S. Military Academy shall be eligible to appointments as 2nd lieutenants. Any portion of the cavalry force herein authorized may O dismounted and armed and drilled as infantry at the discretion of the President. Each cavalry regiment shall hereafter have but one hospital steward and the regimental ndjiitants. quartermusters, and commissarics shall hereafterbe extra 1st lieutenants.