Mr. TRUMBULL. Yes, sir; that is in aid of the execution of this law. Let me read a clause from the constitution which seems to have been forgotten by the Senfrom Pennsylvania and the Senfrom Indiana. The Senfrom Pennsvlvania, who has denounced this law, has been living under just such a law for 30 years, and it seems never found it out. What says the constitution? “ Congress shall have power to provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union.” Then cannot the militia prevent persons fiom violating the law? The are authorized by the constitution to be calle out for the purpose of executing the law, and here we have a law that is to be carried into execution, and when you find persons combined together to prevent its execution you cannot do an thing with them! Suppose that the count out crities in, Musco gee county, Georgia, comine togcfliEr to deny civil rights to every colored him in that county. For the purpose of preventing it, before they have doue any act, I say the militia may be called out to prevent them from committing an net. We are not required to wait until the act is committed before anything can be done. That was the doctrine that led to this rebellion, that we had no authority to do anything till the conflict of arms came. I believed then in 1860 that we had authority, and if it had been properly exercised; if the men who were threatening rehellion, who were in this Chamber, defying the authority of the Government, had been arrested for treason, of which, in my judgment, by set ting on foot armed expeditions against the country, they were guilty; and if they had been tried and punished and executed for the crime, I doubt whether this great rebellion would ever haVe taken place. Under that clause of the constitution which authorizes congress to provide for the calling forth of the mi itia to execute the laws of the Union, Congress at an early period of our history passed this act: “That whenever the laws of the U.S shall be opposed or the execution thereof obstructed, in any tats, by combinations too powerful to bean pressedby the ordinary course of judicial rocce ines, or by the powers vestedin the marsha s by this act, it shall be awful for the POTUS to call forth the militia of such State or of any other State or Stutes, as may benecessaryto suppress such combinations and to causethe laws to be dul executed: and the useof militiase to be called for may be continued, if necessary, until the e: iration of 30 days after the commencement of c then n ext session of Congress.” The militia, it will be seen, may be called forth to cause the laws to be duly executed; that is, to prevent ersous from preventin their execution; and pa subsequent statute of the U.S. authorizes the Army and the No. to be used wherever the militia may be use. There is another statute, to which beg leave to call the attention of the Senfrom Pennsylvania, and under which he has lived for 30 years without ever having known it and his rights have been fully protected. I wish to calI attention to a section from which the 10th section of the bill under consideration, at which the Senfrom Indiana is so horrified, is copied, word for word, and letter for letter. The act of March 10, 1836, “supplementary to an act entitled An act in adition to the act for the punishment of certain crimes against the U.S., and to recal the acts therein meutioned, approved 20t of April, 1818, ” contains the very section that is in this bill, word for word.