Mr. FESSENDEN. I am a little at a loss to understand the position taken by the honorable Senfrom Ohio [Mr. WADE] when compared with that taken by his colleague. His colleague [Mr. SHERMAN] informed us, and he dwelt upon it with a great deal of force, that it was absolutely necessary to raise revenue for the Government, that we should have in a very short time 140 millions of money to pay in coin annually, beside coin for other purposes, which would bring up the amount to about 150 millions, and hence he argued the absolute necessity of imposing duties for revenue; and he argued also the propriety of cutting down the internalrevenue charged upon manufactures and various other things in this country. The honorable Senator on my right [Mr. WADE] argues precisely the other way. He says, cut off the revenue; exclude importations; build up a Chinese wall; put your duties so high that foreign articles cannot be imported at all; and then you encourage this great interest, and by and by, when it gets big enough, tax it; put on an internalrevenue tax. It seems that the 2 gentlemen from Ohio who argue this matter do not agree in their general views. With regard to linseed both Senators agree. I believe the Senfrom Ohio, [Mr. SHERMAN,) after giving us the results of his deliberation on the general question, did make an exception in the case of linseed. “You cannot apply the same rules to linseed that you do to everything else, ” he says. I do not know that my honorable friendfrom Ohio would go any further than that. My other friend [Mr. WADE] also treated us to a dissertation on commerce. There he disa greed with another eminent Senator, a representative from the West. My friendfrom Iowa [Mr. GRIMEs] seemed to think that commerce was of some importance to this country. I believe other nations, if I recollect aright, have been pretty much of the same opinion; that if a country would be great it must build up its commerce as well as its agriculture and its manufactures. I think we have heard that Holland made itself for a time the richest country on the face of the earth with nothing but commerce, having the carrying trade of all the world pretty much. I think we all understand, too, that no nation encourages its commercial advantages or nurses them to a greater extent than England at the present time. It has now become the carrier of pretty much the whole world. We were so a little while ago, of a large portion of it at any rate, but we have dwindled down very much, and are dwindling more and more every day. Now, sir, as I stated yesterday, in framin this bill, which is for the encouragement manufactures and for the encouragement of agriculture also, we did take into consideration perhaps we were wrong in that on my friend's principle that it was of some importance to our character as a nation and our wealth that we should retain something of our foreign commerce; that where it existed it was of consequence and tended to strengthen the arms and encourage the hearts of the people of this country; and I must say, notwithstanding the case of Austria which has been cited, that I think no nation can be really great without encouraging all the arms of national pros perity and of national defense. I think that is a sufficient answer, so far as I am concerned at any rate, to the argument of my friend against commerce. He seems to think it amounts to nothing; that we should encourage agriculture, and commerce will grow up of itself, and if it does not, it is not of any very great consequence. I differ with him entirely in his views on these subjects; and while H would not encourage one largely at the expense of the other, I really believe it is advantageous to hold on to all. Now, sir, a word with reference to this question of linseed. My friend does not propose to raise the duty upon the oil, but to put the duty upon the seed, the original article, at the same rate with the duty on the manufacture, both at 23 cents, because it stands on the oil at 23 now. Senators may just as well understand that in the 1st place we want some revenue. The House, I believe, put the duties up to 23 and 30 cents, if I recollect arigaht.